Model and Practical Information Concerning the Radiotoxicological Assessment of a Wound Contaminated by Plutonium

Piechowski, J.; Cavadore, D.; Tourte, J.; Cauquil, M.H.; Raynaud, Paul; Harduin, J.C.; Thomas, Prohaska; Chaptinel, Y.

doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a080414

Cited by 15 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…In a very few cases, WC initial is substantially larger than the sum of A excised and WC residual . This is because the initial activity in the wound is overestimated because of skin (surface) contamination (Piechowski et al 1989). In such cases, percentage effectiveness is expressed as a range with a minimum effectiveness given by eqn (1) and maximum effectiveness given by eqn (4).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of Surgical Excision Following Plutonium-contaminated Wounds: Inferences from Historical Cases

2023

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As with any medical treatment, the decision to excise a wound contaminated with actinides is a risk-benefit analysis. The potential benefits of surgical excision following such contaminated wounds are reduction in the probability of stochastic effects, avoidance of local effects, and psychological comfort knowing that radioactive material deposited in the wound is prevented from being systemic. These benefits should be balanced against the potential risks such as pain, numbness, infection, and loss of function due to excision. To that end, the responsibility of an internal dosimetrist is to provide advice to both the patient and the treating physician about the likely benefits of excision that include, but not limited to, averted doses. This paper provides a review of the effectiveness of surgical excisions following plutonium-contaminated wounds and finds that excisions are highly effective at removing plutonium from wounds and at averting the doses they would have caused.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of Surgical Excision Following Plutonium-contaminated Wounds: Inferences from Historical Cases

2023

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“…This mimics a more complex situation than a s.c. or i.m. injection (Bistline et al 1972, Piechowski et al 1989. Using this model the efficacy of surgical excision and different DTPA administration protocols (single or repeated, and local or systemic) have been assessed on liver and skeleton retention and urinary excretion of Pu (Griffiths et al 2014a, Griffiths et al 2014b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DTPA Treatment of Wound Contamination in Rats with Americium: Evaluation of Urinary Profiles Using STATBIODIS Shows Importance of Prompt Administration

et al. 2021

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INTRODUCTION:In the nuclear industry wound contamination with americium is expected to increase with decommissioning and waste management. Treatment of workers with diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) requires optimization to reduce internal contamination and radiation exposure. OBJECTIVES:To evaluate and compare different DTPA protocol efficacies after wound contamination of rats with americium. METHODS:Wound contamination was simulated in rats by depositing americium nitrate in an incision in the hind limb. Different routes, times and frequencies of DTPA administration were evaluated. Individual daily urinary americium excretion and tissue retention were analyzed using the statistical tool STATBIODIS. Urinary profiles, urinary enhancement factors and inhibition percentages of tissue retention were calculated. RESULTS:A single DTPA administration the day of contamination induced a rapid increase in americium urinary excretion that decreased exponentially over seven days indicating that the first DTPA administration should be delivered early as possible. DTPA treatment limited americium uptake in systemic tissues irrespective of the protocol. Liver and skeleton burdens were markedly reduced which would drive reduction of radiation dose. Local or intravenous injections were equally effective.Inherent difficulties in wound site activity measurements did not allow identification of a significant decorporating effect at the wound site. Repeated intravenous injections of DTPA also increased americium urinary excretion which supports the use of multiple DTPA administrations shortly after wound contamination. CONCLUSION:Results from these statistical analyses will contribute to a better understanding of americium behavior in the presence or absence of DTPA, and may aid optimization of treatment for workers.

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Chapter 129 The biochemistry of the f-elements

Duffield

Taylor

Williams

1994

Lanthanides/Actinides: Chemistry

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Model and Practical Information Concerning the Radiotoxicological Assessment of a Wound Contaminated by Plutonium

Cited by 15 publications

References 0 publications

Effectiveness of Surgical Excision Following Plutonium-contaminated Wounds: Inferences from Historical Cases

Effectiveness of Surgical Excision Following Plutonium-contaminated Wounds: Inferences from Historical Cases

DTPA Treatment of Wound Contamination in Rats with Americium: Evaluation of Urinary Profiles Using STATBIODIS Shows Importance of Prompt Administration

Chapter 129 The biochemistry of the f-elements

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