Model components of forage-fed cattle systems: energy expenditure of grazing cattle and prediction of intake in dairy cows /

Rochinotti, D.

doi:10.5962/bhl.title.111593

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 73 publications

(127 reference statements)

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“…Briefly, maintenance requirements were calculated based on BW and lactation number, namely, NE l M = 1.2*(0.080*BW 0.75 ) for first-lactation cows, NE l, M = 1.1*(0.080*BW 0.75 ) for second-lactation cows, and NE l M = 0.080*BW 0.75 for third or greater lactation cows. (Rochinotti, 1998). Although grazing time was not measured, it was calculated assuming a mean intake rate of 1.96 kg DM/h (Barrett et al, 2001) for measured pasture DMI using biomass disappearance.…”

Section: Pasture Intake Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of lactating dairy cows fed varying levels of total mixed ration and pasture

Vibart

Fellner

Burns

et al. 2008

Journal of Dairy Research

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Two, 8-week experiments, each using 30 lactating Holstein cows, were conducted to examine performance of animals offered combinations of total mixed ration (TMR) and high-quality pasture. Experiment 1 was initiated in mid October 2004 and Experiment 2 was initiated in late March 2005. Cows were assigned to either a 100% TMR diet (100:00, no access to pasture) or one of the following three formulated partial mixed rations (PMR) targeted at (1) 85% TMR and 15% pasture, (2) 70% TMR and 30% pasture and (3) 55% TMR and 45% pasture. Based on actual TMR and pasture intake, the dietary TMR and pasture proportions of the three PMR in Experiment 1 were 79% TMR and 21% pasture (79:21), 68% TMR and 32% pasture (68:32), and 59% TMR and 41% pasture (59:41), respectively. Corresponding proportions in Experiment 2 were 89% TMR and 11% pasture (89:11), 79% TMR and 21% pasture (79:21) and 65% TMR and 35% pasture (65:35), respectively. Reducing the proportion of TMR in the diets increased pasture consumption of cows on all PMR, but reduced total dry matter intake compared with cows on 100:00. An increase in forage from pasture increased the concentration of conjugated linoleic acids and decreased the concentration of saturated fatty acids in milk. Although milk and milk protein yields from cows grazing spring pastures (Experiment 2) increased with increasing intakes of TMR, a partial mixed ration that was composed of 41% pasture grazed in the fall (Experiment 1) resulted in a similar overall lactation performance with increased feed efficiency compared to an all-TMR ration.

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Section: Pasture Intake Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of lactating dairy cows fed varying levels of total mixed ration and pasture

Vibart

Fellner

Burns

et al. 2008

Journal of Dairy Research

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“…The distance walked each day by animals in this study was 4.8 km (representing the average distance from pasture to milking parlor, 1.2 km, × 4, the number of times they walked to or from the parlor), and there was negligible slope in the lanes the cows walked. Calculation of the energy requirement for grazing activity was done using an equation suggested by Rochinotti (1998): NELG = 1.2 kcal × grazing time (h) × BW 0.75 (divided by 1,000 to convert to megacalories). The energy requirement value used in this equation is the average of estimates made by Di Marco et al (1996).…”

Section: Intake Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of three techniques for estimating the forage intake of lactating dairy cows on pasture1

Macoon

Sollenberger

Moore

et al. 2003

Journal of Animal Science

111

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Quantifying DMI is necessary for estimation of nutrient consumption by ruminants, but it is inherently difficult on grazed pastures and even more so when supplements are fed. Our objectives were to compare three methods of estimating forage DMI (inference from animal performance, evaluation from fecal output using a pulse-dose marker, and estimation from herbage disappearance methods) and to identify the most useful approach or combination of approaches for estimating pasture intake by lactating dairy cows. During three continuous 28-d periods in the winter season, Holstein cows (Bos taurus; n = 32) grazed a cool-season grass or a cool-season grass-clover mixture at two stocking rates (SR; 5 vs. 2.5 cows/ha) and were fed two rates of concentrate supplementation (CS; 1 kg of concentrate [as-fed] per 2.5 or 3.5 kg of milk produced). Animal response data used in computations for the animal performance method were obtained from the latter 14 d of each period. For the pulse-dose marker method, chromium-mordanted fiber was used. Pasture sampling to determine herbage disappearance was done weekly throughout the study. Forage DMI estimated by the animal performance method was different among periods (P < 0.001; 6.5, 6.4, and 9.6 kg/d for Periods 1, 2, and 3, respectively), between SR (P < 0.001; 8.7 [low SR] vs. 6.3 kg/d [high SR]) and between CS (P < 0.01; 8.4 [low CS] vs. 6.6 kg/d [high CS]). The period and SR effect seemed to be related to forage mass. The pulse-dose marker method generally provided greater estimates of forage DMI (as much as 11.0 kg/d more than the animal performance method) and was not correlated with the other methods. Estimates of forage DMI by the herbage disappearance method were correlated with the animal performance method. The difference between estimates from these two methods, ranging from -4.7 to 5.4 kg/d, were much lower than their difference from pulse-dose marker estimates. The results of this study suggest that, when appropriate for the research objectives, the animal performance or herbage disappearance methods may be useful and less costly alternatives to using the pulse-dose method.

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Nutrient requirements of goats: developed equations, other considerations and future research to improve them

Sahlu

Goetsch

Luo

et al. 2004

Small Ruminant Research

120

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Model components of forage-fed cattle systems: energy expenditure of grazing cattle and prediction of intake in dairy cows /

Cited by 3 publications

References 73 publications

Performance of lactating dairy cows fed varying levels of total mixed ration and pasture

Performance of lactating dairy cows fed varying levels of total mixed ration and pasture

Comparison of three techniques for estimating the forage intake of lactating dairy cows on pasture1

Nutrient requirements of goats: developed equations, other considerations and future research to improve them

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