Modeling for the Prediction and Evaluation of the Crimp Percentage of Plain Woven Fabric Based on Yarn Count and Thread Density

Abstract

Nowadays, modeling is used for evaluating and controlling the weft crimp percentage before and after manufacturing plain woven fabrics. Also, modeling assists in estimating and evaluating crimp percentage without complex and time-consuming experimental procedures. The purpose of this study is to develop a linear regression model that can be employed for the prediction and evaluation of the weft crimp percentage of plain woven fabric. For this study, nine plain woven fabrics of 100% cotton were produced with three different wefts thread densities and weft yarn linear densities. From the findings, the effects of weft count and weft density on the weft crimp percentage of the fabrics were found to be statistically significant with a confidence interval of 95%. The weft crimp percentage showed a positive correlation with weft count and weft density. The weft count and weft density have multicollinearity in the model because the variance inflation factors (VIFs) values are greater than one, which are 1.70 & 1.20, respectively. The model was tested by correlating measured crimp percentage values obtained with a crimp tester instrument to the crimp percentage values calculated by a developed linear model equation. The result disclosed that the model was strongly correlated, with a confidence interval of 95% (R² of 0.9518). Furthermore, the significance value of the t-test is not significant for both the measured weft crimp percentage values and the calculated weft crimp percentage values, which means that they do not differ significantly. Crimp percentage is impacted by fiber, yarn, fabric structural parameters and machine setting parameters. This makes the crimp percentage difficult to control and study, but this developed model can be easily used by manufacturers or researchers for controlling and studying purposes. Thus, the model can be used to produce a fabric with a pre-controlled weft crimp percentage. It can also be used to evaluate and predict the weft crimp percentage before and after fabric production.

Linear Model Equation for Prediction and Evaluation of Surface Roughness of Plain-Woven Fabric

“…A factor having an important role in the configuration of the surface characteristics of the fabric is the crimp of the yarns, under the consideration that the yarn densities of warp and weft are of the same class. If the crimp values of the weft and warp yarns are close to each other, the fabric produced is more or less balanced in terms of appearance [8][9][10][11] Modeling is the process of perception of textiles by the skin fills the gap between two contemporary existing solutions: objective and subjective assessment of handling properties of fabrics [12][13][14][15][16]. The different number of mathematical models concerning the human body, clothing, and environment offer useful equations and tools.…”

“…The Kawabata Evaluation System for Fabrics (KESF), Fabrics Analysis by Simple Tests (FAST), and Fabric Touch Tester (FTT) systems are available for measuring the fabric handle-related characteristics under the contact methods. But, as far as the tactile responses are concerned, all the low-stress mechanical characteristics directly or indirectly stimulate the touch pressure roughness and other mechanoreceptors of human skin [10][11][12][13][14][15][16].…”

The effects of pretreatment on the surface roughness of plain-woven fabric by the Kawabata Evaluation System

“…[9][10][11][12][13] The effects of washing and drying 14 as well as finishing and dyeing 15 are also investigated. Other authors 16,17 stated that the yarn diameter, weave types, crimp%, 18 weft and warp densities, and fabric balance and cover factor are the basic factors for the surface roughness of woven fabrics. In their studies, the combined effect of the weft density and weave type on the surface roughness of the plainwoven fabrics was examined.…”