“…Non-canonical patterns, or form and function mismatches in morphology, where signifiers deviate from a canonical linear ideal, such as fusion, suppletion, defectivness, syncretism, subtractive morphology, multiple exponence, or non-concatenative morphology, are often handled within the Word and Paradigm model (Matthews 1965; Blevins 2006, 2016), where inflectional classes are established to see how much is predictable from other parts within the paradigm (Carstairs-McCarthy 1983, 1994; Stump 2001, 2016; Finkel & Stump 2007; Corbett 2009; Ackerman & Malouf 2013). This is because they show that an inflected word’s content and form fail to exhibit the kind of isomorphism that the morpheme concept predicts, and thus a holistic approach makes more sense (Stump 2016: 17, 22; Booij 2018a: 5, 18; Good 2018). Such an approach has been applied to various Otomanguean languages which exhibit complex inflectional paradigms, such as Mazatec (Léonard & Kihm 2010, Ackerman & Malouf 2013, Baerman 2013, Corbett 2015), Otomí (Palancar 2012), Chinantec (Baerman 2013, Baerman & Palancar 2015), and Amuzgo (Palancar & Feist 2015).…”