Modeling the effects of wind turbines on radar returns

Ohs, R. Ryan; Skidmore, Gregory; Bedrosian, G.

doi:10.1109/milcom.2010.5680316

Cited by 27 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…As all other radiated field components are equal to zero (2), an infinitesimal dipole is a pure polarizationanisotropic object. For such an object the generation of cross-polarized components of (re-)radiated field completely defined by the orientation of the dipole in the polarization basis of the radar's antenna system.…”

Section: A) Basic Relations For An Infinitesimal Dipolementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The rotating blades of wind-turbines move with high azimuthal velocity and produce strong clutter with wide continuous Doppler spectra, which hide targets and disturb their estimated parameters. Development of new algorithms for the suppression of such clutter is a challenging research topic and one of the main tasks for the radar community [2,3].To support such algorithms development and provide better understanding of radar returns from wind turbines we propose a very simple model, which represents the main structural elements of wind turbines (mainly blades) as linear wire structures. Despite of its over simplification, the model still predicts correctly the temporal behavior of Doppler radar spectral observables in the far-field region.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Radar micro-Doppler of wind turbines: simulation and analysis using rotating linear wire structures

Krasnov

Yarovoy

2015

Int. J. Microw. Wireless Technol.

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Radar micro-Doppler of wind turbines: simulation and analysis using rotating linear wire structures oleg a. krasnov and alexander g. yarovoy A simple electromagnetic model of wind-turbine's main structural elements as the linear wired structures is developed to simulate the temporal patterns of observed radar return Doppler spectra (micro-Doppler). Using the model, the micro-Doppler for different combinations of the turbines rotation frequency, radar pulse repetition frequency, and duration of the Doppler measurement interval are analyzed. The model is validated using the PARSAX radar experimental data. The model ability to reproduce the observed Doppler spectra main features can be used for development of signal-processing algorithms to suppress the wind-turbines clutter in modern Doppler radars. I . I N T R O D U C T I O NAttention to "green" energy sources results in fast spreading of wind turbines, which convert wind energy into electricity. Efficiency of such turbines is directly proportional to their sizes (up to 70-90 m blades length) and heights (up to 100-200 m). Wind farms with such turbines already influence the existing radar systems for civil and military surveillance, air-traffic control, and weather radar networks, as radar signal scattering from turbines results in clutter-like interference with specific dynamics that degrade radar's functionality, the ability to detect targets and estimate their characteristics [1,2]. The rotating blades of wind-turbines move with high azimuthal velocity and produce strong clutter with wide continuous Doppler spectra, which hide targets and disturb their estimated parameters. Development of new algorithms for the suppression of such clutter is a challenging research topic and one of the main tasks for the radar community [2,3].To support such algorithms development and provide better understanding of radar returns from wind turbines we propose a very simple model, which represents the main structural elements of wind turbines (mainly blades) as linear wire structures. Despite of its over simplification, the model still predicts correctly the temporal behavior of Doppler radar spectral observables in the far-field region. It can be used to extract the major parameters of wind turbines and for initial testing of clutter suppression algorithms, which are using specific features of wind-turbines' micro-Doppler or temporal-Doppler patterns.The paper is organized as follows: Section II describes briefly the developed electromagnetic (EM)-model of wind turbines, which is used for further simulations. Section III presents the simulation results for a few basic structures and, for one practical case, compares simulations results with real radar observations by the S-band PARSAX polarimetric Doppler radar. Section IV discusses the influence of the relation between the wind-turbine blades rotation frequency and the radar observation duration on the resulting Doppler spectra. Section V draws some conclusions and discusses further research directions. I I . R A D I A T I O ...

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Section: A) Basic Relations For An Infinitesimal Dipolementioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Radar micro-Doppler of wind turbines: simulation and analysis using rotating linear wire structures

Krasnov

Yarovoy

2015

Int. J. Microw. Wireless Technol.

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“…The characterization of the RCS is a highly complex task, and there is currently a great effort in obtaining accurate and representative turbine RCS patterns [29]. Examples of measured and calculated RCS can be found in [24,[30][31][32].…”

Section: Stealth Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These are large objects, and their movement produces a large, non-zero Doppler return that can affect the radar [30,31]. The aerodynamic shape and the elevation angle of the blades mean that a time varying return is seen by the radar with a "flash" of high RCS for certain blade rotation angles.…”

Section: Stealth Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitigation Techniques to Reduce the Impact of Wind Turbines on Radar Services

et al. 2013

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Radar services are occasionally affected by wind farms. This paper presents a comprehensive description of the effects that a wind farm may cause on the different radar services, and it compiles a review of the recent research results regarding the mitigation techniques to minimize this impact. Mitigation techniques to be applied at the wind farm and on the radar systems are described. The development of thorough impact studies before the wind farm is installed is presented as the best way to analyze in advance the potential for interference, and subsequently identify the possible solutions to allow the coexistence of wind farms and radar services.

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“…Numerous studies have characterized wind turbine RF scattering behavior, either in isolation or in a farm [25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36]. Due to the significant effort required to measure a structure as large as a wind turbine while calibrating for outdoor effects (interfering RF signals, wind speed and direction, etc.…”

Section: Radar-windfarm Interactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radar-cross-section reduction of wind turbines. part 1.

Brock¹,

Loui²,

McDonald³

et al. 2012

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In recent years, increasing deployment of large wind-turbine farms has become an issue of growing concern for the radar community. The large radar cross section (RCS) presented by wind turbines interferes with radar operation, and the Doppler shift caused by blade rotation causes problems identifying and tracking moving targets. Each new wind-turbine farm installation must be carefully evaluated for potential disruption of radar operation for air defense, air traffic control, weather sensing, and other applications. Several approaches currently exist to minimize conflict between wind-turbine farms and radar installations, including procedural adjustroents, radar upgrades, and proper choice of low-impact wind-farm sites, but each has problems with limited effectiveness or prohibitive cost. An alternative approach, heretofore not techoically feasible, is to reduce the RCS of wind turbines to the extent that they can be installed near existing radar installations. This report summarizes efforts to reduce wind-turbine RCS, with a particular emphasis on the blades. The report begins with a survey of the wind-turbine RCS-reduction literature to establish a baseline for comparison. The following topics are then addressed: electromagnetic model development and validation, novel material development, integration into wind-turbine fabrication processes, integrated-absorber design, and wind-turbine RCS modeling. Related topics of interest, including alternative mitigation techoiques (procedural, at-the-radar, etc.), an introduction to RCS and electromagnetic scattering, and RCS-reduction modeling techniques, can be found in a previous report.

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Modeling the effects of wind turbines on radar returns

Cited by 27 publications

References 1 publication

Radar micro-Doppler of wind turbines: simulation and analysis using rotating linear wire structures

Radar micro-Doppler of wind turbines: simulation and analysis using rotating linear wire structures

Mitigation Techniques to Reduce the Impact of Wind Turbines on Radar Services

Radar-cross-section reduction of wind turbines. part 1.

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