Modeling wireless links for transport protocols

Gurtov, Andrei; Floyd, Sally

doi:10.1145/997150.997159

Cited by 93 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Network simulation [13] is a technique where a program models the behavior of a network. Network simulator is a software program that simulates the working of a computer network.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling and Simulation of Out-of-Order Impact in TCP Protocol

Kadry¹,

Al-Issa²

2015

JACN

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Abstract-The Internet provides a powerful, cost effective, reliable, and survivable communication over the world for different services like e-commerce, finance, education, military, and so on. The Internet has been rapidly increased; it has been growing at unprecedented rates. As the Internet become huge, its network performance becomes subjected to a lot of problems that decrease the communication performance like congestion, interference, reordering and so on.In this paper, we focus on measuring the impact of packets and ACKs reordering on the performance of TCP variants namely TCP Reno, TCP New Reno, TCP SACK, and TCP Vegas, we also analyze the performance of these protocols when their duplicate acknowledgement threshold (Dupthresh) values are increased in order to prevent false fast retransmissions and unnecessary Congestion Window Size (CWND) reductions. Index Terms-TCP, out-of-order, NS-2, TCP Reno, TCP newReno, TCP SACK, TCP Vegas. I. INTRODUCTIONThe Internet communication is managed by set of protocols grouped by several layers, these protocols and layers construct the communications framework model or suite, TCP/IP suite one of the most common of all network protocol suites. TCP/IP is a hierarchical protocol made up of interactive layers (Fig. 1). Application layer are placed at the top of TCP / IP stack [1], it include many protocols, such as (FTP, HTTP, SMTP and so on) for application communication. The transport layer follows the application layer. TCP/IP makes available two distinct transport layer protocols to the application layer: Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and User Datagram Protocol (UDP). In our thesis, we depend Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) which is the most commonly used protocol in the Internet, because it is used for so many application protocols such as HTTP, POP, SMTP, etc. to Manuscript received November 12, 2014; revised June 14, 2015. S. Kadry is with American University of the Middle East, Kuwait (e-mail: skadry@gmail.com).A. E. Al-Issa was with Arts Sciences and Technology University, Lebanon (e-mail: eng.aliedan@yahoo.com).transfer data reliably between the source and destination. TCP provides reliable connection between the sender and the receiver by using sequence number for each packet and ACKs that confirm the delivery of the packet to the destination, TCP uses several techniques and algorithms to regulate the transmission rate at which the sender must send such as congestion control and flow control and etc.The recent researches [2], [3] appear that the occurrence of packet reordering on the network is not pathological behavior. Bennett et al. [4] had intended that reordering is highly prevalent on many links. The results of their study [4] indicate that the probability of a session, running through the US MAE-East exchange, experiencing packet reordering was over 90%. Intuitively, Bennett et al. referenced that the reason for the large proportion of flows experiencing reordering was the presence of parallelism on the routes taken by the packets flowing throug...

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“…Network simulation [13] is a technique where a program models the behavior of a network. Network simulator is a software program that simulates the working of a computer network.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling and Simulation of Out-of-Order Impact in TCP Protocol

Kadry¹,

Al-Issa²

2015

JACN

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“…It consisted of a sender host, a receiver host, a base station, a wired link connecting the sender and the base station, and a wireless link between the base station and receiver. The bandwidth and propagation delay of the wired link were 10 Mbps and 45 ms. We determined the settings of the wireless link from the UMTS specifications [1], [5], [28], [29] and the model of wireless links reported in [30]. The wireless channels were used independently as download and upload links, and the downlink bandwidth and propagation delay were 2 Mbps and 1 ms.…”

Section: Simulation Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Receiver-Based ACK Splitting Mechanism for TCP over Wired/Wireless Heterogeneous Networks

Hasegawa

Nakata

Nakano

2007

IEICE Transactions on Communications

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SUMMARYWith the rapid development of wireless network technologies, heterogeneous networks with wired and wireless links are becoming common. However, the performance of TCP data transmission deteriorates significantly when a TCP connection traverses such networks, mainly because of packet losses caused by the high bit error rate of wireless links. Many solutions for this problem have been proposed in the past literature. However, most of them have various drawbacks, such as difficulties in their deployment by the wireless access network provider and end users, violation of TCP's end-to-end principle by splitting the TCP connection, or inapplicability to IP-level encrypted traffic because the base station needs to access the TCP header. In this paper, we propose a new mechanism without such drawbacks to improve the performance of TCP over wired and wireless heterogeneous networks. Our mechanism employs a receiver-based approach, which does not need modifications to be made to the sender TCP or the base station. It uses the ACK-splitting method for increasing the congestion window size quickly in order to restrain the throughput degradation caused by packet losses due to the high bit error rate of wireless links. We evaluate the performance of our mechanism and show that our mechanism can increase throughput by up to 94% in a UMTS network. The simulation results also show that our mechanism does not significantly deteriorate even when the receiver cannot perfectly distinguish whether packet losses are due to network congestion or bit errors on the wireless links.

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“…Radio bearers are expected to multiplex a number of simultaneous connections ranging from 1 to 4 TCP flows [5,11], because 3G links employs per-user buffering. At the RLC layer, the upper layer packets will be stored in the downlink buffer until they are fully acknowledged by the receiver side.…”

Section: Characteristics Of 3g Linksmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The wired network comprises the Internet and the 3G core network. The radio bearer has a round trip time (RTT w ) of 50 ms [2,8] and a bidirectional nominal rate ranging from 384 kbit/s to 64 kbit/s, representing the bottleneck link, which is the situation expected in most cases [11]. The wired (fixed) network is modeled with a 1 Mb/s link with a round trip delay (RTT f ) of 200 ms [2].…”

Section: Simulation Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Performance Evaluation of AQM Schemes in Rate-Varying 3G Links

Alcaraz

Cerdan

2006

Personal Wireless Communications

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Abstract. When TCP is carried over 3G links, overbuffering and buffer overflow at the RLC layer degrades its performance. AQM techniques at the RLC buffer can bring noticeable enhancements to TCP performance without introducing changes in 3G specifications. We show that the optimum parameter setting of AQM algorithms in RLC buffers is strongly related to the radio bearer rate, which can be changed dynamically by control layer protocols. By means of extensive simulation experiments we propose, for each specified nominal rate, optimum configurations that keep the goodput near the maximum while the delay is reduced up to 50%. We consider two AQM schemes, an adapted RED algorithm and a novel deterministic one, SBD described in this paper. We illustrate how an automatic reconfiguration of AQM parameters avoids the degradation caused by sudden changes in the radio bearer rate.

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Modeling wireless links for transport protocols

Cited by 93 publications

References 63 publications

Modeling and Simulation of Out-of-Order Impact in TCP Protocol

Modeling and Simulation of Out-of-Order Impact in TCP Protocol

Receiver-Based ACK Splitting Mechanism for TCP over Wired/Wireless Heterogeneous Networks

Performance Evaluation of AQM Schemes in Rate-Varying 3G Links

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