Modelling and testing of 3D printed cellular structures under quasi-static and dynamic conditions

Kucewicz, Michał; Baranowski, Paweł; Stankiewicz, Michał; Konarzewski, Marcin; Płatek, Paweł; Małachowski, Jerzy

doi:10.1016/j.tws.2019.106385

Cited by 81 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Computer simulations were conducted with the commercial Ls-Dyna hydrocode with Multi Parallel Processing (MPP) (Livermore Software Technology, Livermore, CA, USA) [48]. The main assumptions made during computer simulations were similar to those presented by the authors in [42,49,50]. The FE models required to run the simulation of the particular structural behaviour under the compression tests have been developed from the CAD models ( Figure 20).…”

Section: Numerical Investigations Of Mechanical Properties Of Structumentioning

confidence: 99%

Deformation Process of 3D Printed Structures Made from Flexible Material with Different Values of Relative Density

et al. 2020

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The main aim of this article is the analysis of the deformation process of regular cell structures under quasi-static load conditions. The methodology used in the presented investigations included a manufacturability study, strength tests of the base material as well as experimental and numerical compression tests of developed regular cellular structures. A regular honeycomb and four variants with gradually changing topologies of different relative density values have been successfully designed and produced in the TPU-Polyflex flexible thermoplastic polyurethane material using the Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) 3D printing technique. Based on the results of performed technological studies, the most productive and accurate 3D printing parameters for the thermoplastic polyurethane filament were defined. It has been found that the 3D printed Polyflex material is characterised by a very high flexibility (elongation up to 380%) and a non-linear stress-strain relationship. A detailed analysis of the compression process of the structure specimens revealed that buckling and bending were the main mechanisms responsible for the deformation of developed structures. The Finite Element (FE) method and Ls Dyna software were used to conduct computer simulations reflecting the mechanical response of the structural specimens subjected to a quasi-static compression load. The hyperelastic properties of the TPU material were described with the Simplified Rubber Material (SRM) constitutive model. The proposed FE models, as well as assumed initial boundary conditions, were successfully validated. The results obtained from computer simulations agreed well with the data from the experimental compression tests. A linear relationship was found between the relative density and the maximum strain energy value.

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Section: Numerical Investigations Of Mechanical Properties Of Structumentioning

confidence: 99%

Deformation Process of 3D Printed Structures Made from Flexible Material with Different Values of Relative Density

et al. 2020

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“…One of the key issues referring to the investigations of regular cellular material is the definition of the relationship between structure topology and its mechanical response in terms of energy absorption [20][21][22][23]. This issue attracts the attention of many research groups and has become an object of extensive studies carried out with the use of experimental [24,25] and numerical approaches [26][27][28]. Their results show that both cell topology and mechanical properties of used material strongly influence the mechanical behavior of cellular structures [28][29][30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigations on the Mechanical Response of Gradient Lattice Structures Manufactured via SLM

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Płatek

Jiang

et al. 2020

Metals

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The main aim of the paper is to evaluate the mechanical behavior or lattice specimens subjected to quasi-static and dynamic compression tests. Both regular and three different variants of SS 316L lattice structures with gradually changed topologies (discrete, increase and decrease) have been successfully designed and additively manufactured with the use of the selective laser melting technique. The fabricated structures were subjected to geometrical quality control, microstructure analysis, phase characterization and compression tests under quasi-static and dynamic loading conditions. The mismatch between dimensions in the designed and produced lattices was noticed. It generally results from the adopted technique of the manufacturing process. The microstructure and phase composition were in good agreement with typical ones after the additive manufacturing of stainless steel. Moreover, the relationship between the structure relative density and its energy absorption capacity has been defined. The value of the maximum deformation energy depends on the adopted gradient topology and reaches the highest value for a gradually decreased topology, which also indicates the highest relative density. However, the highest rate of densification was observed for a gradually increasing topology. In addition, the results show that the gradient topology of the lattice structure affects the global deformation under the loading. Both, static and dynamic loading resulted in both barrel- and waisted-shaped deformation for lattices with an increasing and a decreasing gradient, respectively. Lattice specimens with a gradually changed topology indicate specific mechanical properties, which make them attractive in terms of energy absorption applications.

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“…Currently, additive manufacturing (AM) technologies are receiving a lot of attention due to their various applications such as lightweight components or individualized and functionalized parts. The rapid growth of available research results is mainly focused on material analysis, structural tests, tensile and dynamic testing [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. The specific layered structure of an additively manufactured element affects the high anisotropy of the material [ 4 , 5 ] which plays a significant role from a fatigue performance point of view.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crack Growth Behavior of Additively Manufactured 316L Steel—Influence of Build Orientation and Heat Treatment

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The effects of build orientation and heat treatment on the crack growth behavior of 316L stainless steel (SS) fabricated via a selective laser melting additive manufacturing process were investigated. Available research results on additively manufactured metallic parts still require a substantial expansion. The most important issue connected with the metal properties after additive manufacturing are the high anisotropy properties, especially from the fatigue point of view. The study examined the crack growth behavior of additively manufactured 316L in comparison to a conventionally made reference material. Both groups of samples were obtained using precipitation heat treatment. Different build orientations in the additively manufactured samples and rolling direction in the reference samples were taken into account as well. Precipitation heat treatment of additively manufactured parts allowed one to achieve microstructure and tensile properties to similar to those of conventionally made pieces. The heat treatment positively affected the fatigue properties. Additionally, precipitation heat treatment of additively manufactured elements significantly affected the reduction of fatigue cracking velocity and changed the fatigue cracking mechanism.

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Modelling and testing of 3D printed cellular structures under quasi-static and dynamic conditions

Cited by 81 publications

References 37 publications

Deformation Process of 3D Printed Structures Made from Flexible Material with Different Values of Relative Density

Deformation Process of 3D Printed Structures Made from Flexible Material with Different Values of Relative Density

Investigations on the Mechanical Response of Gradient Lattice Structures Manufactured via SLM

Crack Growth Behavior of Additively Manufactured 316L Steel—Influence of Build Orientation and Heat Treatment

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