Modelling of an imaging beamline at the ISIS pulsed neutron source

Burca, Genoveva; Kockelmann, W.; James, J. A.; Fitzpatrick, Michael E.

doi:10.1088/1748-0221/8/10/p10001

Cited by 33 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Neutrons that impact on a crystalline solid sample are scattered by a number of well-defined angles defined according to Bragg's law, the same law that also governs the diffraction of x-rays. Bragg's law states that when a neutron with wavelength λ scatters from a crystal lattice with a lattice separation d, the nth order of scattering occurs at angle θ, according to equation (1).…”

Section: Bragg Edge Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ISIS provides a wide range of neutron energies with respective neutron wavelengths in a single pulse, so that a large number of Bragg edges corresponding to different hkl planes can be observed in a single measurement. Using the time-of-flight (TOF) method to sort the energies of neutrons arriving at the detector, the wavelength λ of any neutron can then be calculated from a measurement of its total travel time t (from the start of the pulse until detection) and the prior knowledge of the distance L it travelled in that time [1]. The de Broglie equation relates neutron wavelength to its momentum p, which is equivalent to the product of its mass m and velocity v. By substituting v=L/t, the relation between the neutron wavelength and its time-of-flight is given by equation (2).…”

Section: Bragg Edge Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The site houses over 30 neutron instruments specialised for various diffraction or spectroscopy techniques, including 4 newly built Phase Two instruments on Target Station 2. One of these instruments is IMAT (Imaging and Materials Science & Engineering) [1,2], a neutron imaging and diffraction instrument for a broad range of materials and engineering sciences.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Developments towards Bragg edge imaging on the IMAT beamline at the ISIS Pulsed Neutron and Muon Source: BEAn software

et al. 2019

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The BEAn (Bragg Edge Analysis) software has been developed as a toolkit for analysis of Bragg edges and strain maps from data obtained at the time-of-flight imaging instrument IMAT or other compatible instruments. The code is built primarily using Python 3 and the Qt framework, and includes tools useful for neutron imaging such as principal component analysis. This paper introduces BEAn and its features, briefly discuses the scientific concepts behind them, and concludes with planned future work on the code.

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Section: Bragg Edge Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Bragg Edge Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Developments towards Bragg edge imaging on the IMAT beamline at the ISIS Pulsed Neutron and Muon Source: BEAn software

et al. 2019

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“…A T0 chopper removes fast neutrons and gamma radiation, then a pair of double‐disk choppers define the wavelength band to ensure there is no frame overlap between successive neutron pulses. At the end of the guide is a pinhole selector that allows the aperture diameter (D) to be varied between five values to define different L/D ratios, where L (the distance from the aperture to the sample) is 10 m (Burca et al ., ). This results in a total flight path of 56 m to the sample.…”

Section: X‐ray and Neutron Imaging Equipmentmentioning

confidence: 97%

Correlative X‐ray and neutron tomography of root systems using cadmium fiducial markers

Clark

Burca

Boardman

et al. 2019

Journal of Microscopy

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Summary The interactions between plant roots and soil are an area of active research, particularly in terms of water and nutrient uptake. Because noninvasive, in vivo studies are required, tomographic imaging appears an obvious method to use, but no one imaging modality is well suited to capture the complete system. X‐ray imaging gives clear insight to soil structure and composition; however, water is comparatively transparent to X‐rays and biological matter also displays poor contrast with respect to the pores between soil particles. Neutron imaging presents a complementary view where water and biological matter are better distinguished but the soil minerals are not imaged as clearly as they would be with X‐rays. This work aims to develop robust methods for complementary X‐ray/neutron tomographic imaging of plant root samples which should lead to new insight into water and nutrient transport in soil. The key challenges of this project are to develop experiments that will meet the requirements of both imaging modalities as well as the biological requirements of the plant samples and to develop ways to register a pair of reconstructed volume images of a sample that will typically have been produced with entirely separate facilities. The use of cadmium fiducial markers for registration has been investigated. Simulations were conducted to investigate the expected registration accuracy as the quantity and distribution of the markers varied. The findings of these simulations were then tested experimentally as plant samples were grown and imaged using neutrons with the IMAT instrument at ISIS Neutron and Muon Source at the STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory in Harwell, and with X‐rays at µ‐VIS X‐ray Imaging Centre at the University of Southampton. Lay Description The interactions between plant roots and soil are an area of active research, particularly in terms of water and nutrient uptake. The samples used in this research are typically imaged so that they can be studied without digging up the roots and destroying the sample in the process. X‐ray and neutron imaging techniques have both been used as each can show different materials within the sample. Because neither can show all the components of the system by itself, this work explores methods for combining scans of the same sample to give a more complete image of the system. In particular this work focusses on the use of fiducial markers as a strategy for preparing the samples in such a way that the resulting images can be aligned. The effectiveness of this method was tested in simulation and then in practice. The samples used within this work were imaged using neutrons on the IMAT instrument at ISIS Neutron and Muon Source at the STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory in Harwell, and with X‐rays at µ‐VIS X‐ray Imaging Centre at the University of Southampton.

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“…The intense efforts carried out over the last years into increasing the performance of scintillatorbased detectors in terms of efficiency and counting rate capability showed positive results from the perspective of operation under the intense neutron fluxes expected at spallation neutron sources. The combined neutron imaging and neutron diffraction beamline IMAT, currently under construction at the ISIS facility [14], and the POLDI diffractometer operational at the Swiss spallation source SINQ at PSI [42,43,45], are examples of instruments that will be populated with scintillator modules combining the latest achievements in the field of photosensors or signal readout. WISH (ISIS), NOMAD (SNS), TAIKAN and SuperHRPD (J-PARC) are examples of diffractometers operated with hundreds of 3 He-filled position-sensitive tubes surrounding the sample [8,10,46,47,48].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neutron detectors for the ESS diffractometers

et al. 2017

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The ambitious instrument suite for the future European Spallation Source whose civil construction started recently in Lund, Sweden, demands a set of diverse and challenging requirements for the neutron detectors. For instance, the unprecedented high flux expected on the samples to be investigated in neutron diffraction or reflectometry experiments requires detectors that can handle high counting rates, while the investigation of sub-millimeter protein crystals will only be possible with large-area detectors that can achieve a position resolution as low as 200 µm. This has motivated an extensive research and development campaign to advance the state-of-the-art detector and to find new technologies that can reach maturity by the time the ESS will operate at full potential. This paper presents the key detector requirements for three of the Time-of-Flight (TOF) diffraction instrument concepts selected by the Scientific Advisory Committee to advance into the phase of preliminary engineering design. We discuss the detector technologies commonly employed at the existing similar instruments and their major challenges for ESS. The detector technologies selected by the instrument teams to collect the diffraction patterns are also presented. Analytical calculations, Monte-Carlo simulations, and real experimental data are used to develop a generic method to estimate the event rate in the diffraction detectors. We apply this method to make predictions for the future diffraction instruments, and thus provide additional information that can help the instrument teams with the optimisation of the detector designs.

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Modelling of an imaging beamline at the ISIS pulsed neutron source

Cited by 33 publications

References 23 publications

Developments towards Bragg edge imaging on the IMAT beamline at the ISIS Pulsed Neutron and Muon Source: BEAn software

Developments towards Bragg edge imaging on the IMAT beamline at the ISIS Pulsed Neutron and Muon Source: BEAn software

Correlative X‐ray and neutron tomography of root systems using cadmium fiducial markers

Neutron detectors for the ESS diffractometers

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