Models of cortical networks with long-range patchy projections

Voges, Nicole; Guijarro, Christian; Aertsen, Ad; Rotter, Stefan

doi:10.1007/s10827-009-0193-z

Cited by 28 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…As is evident from the small number of studies thus far concerned with the physiological properties of horizontal connections, the interest in this large fraction of intra-cortical projections is just beginning. In recent modeling studies, it has been demonstrated that the implementation of horizontal connections can dramatically reduce wiring costs (Voges et al, 2010a) and has a strong impact on network dynamics (Kriener et al, 2009). These studies, however, focused on a related class of connections, the so-called long-range patchy connections (for a review see Voges et al, 2010b), which recently received more attention compared to non-patchy, long-distance horizontal connections.…”

Section: Functional Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond the cortical column: abundance and physiology of horizontal connections imply a strong role for inputs from the surround

et al. 2011

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Current concepts of cortical information processing and most cortical network models largely rest on the assumption that well-studied properties of local synaptic connectivity are sufficient to understand the generic properties of cortical networks. This view seems to be justified by the observation that the vertical connectivity within local volumes is strong, whereas horizontally, the connection probability between pairs of neurons drops sharply with distance. Recent neuroanatomical studies, however, have emphasized that a substantial fraction of synapses onto neocortical pyramidal neurons stems from cells outside the local volume. Here, we discuss recent findings on the signal integration from horizontal inputs, showing that they could serve as a substrate for reliable and temporally precise signal propagation. Quantification of connection probabilities and parameters of synaptic physiology as a function of lateral distance indicates that horizontal projections constitute a considerable fraction, if not the majority, of inputs from within the cortical network. Taking these non-local horizontal inputs into account may dramatically change our current view on cortical information processing.

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Section: Functional Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond the cortical column: abundance and physiology of horizontal connections imply a strong role for inputs from the surround

et al. 2011

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“…Voges et al (2010) had a different take on the properties of patchy networks. They asked what effect long distance connections, with various configurations, had on the signal transmission and graph statistical properties of a network.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From Neural Arbors to Daisies

Muir¹,

Douglas²

2010

Cerebral Cortex

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Pyramidal neurons in layers 2 and 3 of the neocortex collectively form an horizontal lattice of long-range, periodic axonal projections, known as the superficial patch system. The precise pattern of projections varies between cortical areas, but the patch system has nevertheless been observed in every area of cortex in which it has been sought, in many higher mammals. Although the clustered axonal arbors of single pyramidal cells have been examined in detail, the precise rules by which these neurons collectively merge their arbors remain unknown. To discover these rules, we generated models of clustered axonal arbors following simple geometric patterns. We found that models assuming spatially aligned but independent formation of each axonal arbor do not produce patchy labeling patterns for large simulated injections into populations of generated axonal arbors. In contrast, a model that used information distributed across the cortical sheet to generate axonal projections reproduced every observed quality of cortical labeling patterns. We conclude that the patch system cannot be built during development using only information intrinsic to single neurons. Information shared across the population of patch-projecting neurons is required for the patch system to reach its adult state.

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“…Even though the rewired ring lattice is unlikely to exactly resemble real neocortical structure, there is strong experimental evidence for clustering among excitatory neurons, as discussed by [27], and predictions of clustering based on spatial considerations have arisen from theoretical work [74].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Small Modifications to Network Topology Can Induce Stochastic Bistable Spiking Dynamics in a Balanced Cortical Model

McDonnell

Ward²

2014

PLoS ONE

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Directed random graph models frequently are used successfully in modeling the population dynamics of networks of cortical neurons connected by chemical synapses. Experimental results consistently reveal that neuronal network topology is complex, however, in the sense that it differs statistically from a random network, and differs for classes of neurons that are physiologically different. This suggests that complex network models whose subnetworks have distinct topological structure may be a useful, and more biologically realistic, alternative to random networks. Here we demonstrate that the balanced excitation and inhibition frequently observed in small cortical regions can transiently disappear in otherwise standard neuronal-scale models of fluctuation-driven dynamics, solely because the random network topology was replaced by a complex clustered one, whilst not changing the in-degree of any neurons. In this network, a small subset of cells whose inhibition comes only from outside their local cluster are the cause of bistable population dynamics, where different clusters of these cells irregularly switch back and forth from a sparsely firing state to a highly active state. Transitions to the highly active state occur when a cluster of these cells spikes sufficiently often to cause strong unbalanced positive feedback to each other. Transitions back to the sparsely firing state rely on occasional large fluctuations in the amount of non-local inhibition received. Neurons in the model are homogeneous in their intrinsic dynamics and in-degrees, but differ in the abundance of various directed feedback motifs in which they participate. Our findings suggest that (i) models and simulations should take into account complex structure that varies for neuron and synapse classes; (ii) differences in the dynamics of neurons with similar intrinsic properties may be caused by their membership in distinctive local networks; (iii) it is important to identify neurons that share physiological properties and location, but differ in their connectivity.

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Models of cortical networks with long-range patchy projections

Cited by 28 publications

References 66 publications

Beyond the cortical column: abundance and physiology of horizontal connections imply a strong role for inputs from the surround

Beyond the cortical column: abundance and physiology of horizontal connections imply a strong role for inputs from the surround

From Neural Arbors to Daisies

Small Modifications to Network Topology Can Induce Stochastic Bistable Spiking Dynamics in a Balanced Cortical Model

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