Modern Approach to the Synthesis of Ni(OH)₂ Decorated Sulfur Doped Carbon Nanoparticles for the Nonenzymatic Glucose Sensor

Abstract

As a growing aspect of materials science, there are an enormous number of synthesis routes that have been identified to produce materials, particularly through simple methodologies. In this way, the present study focuses on the easiest way to prepare sulfur doped carbon nanoparticles (SDCNs) using a flame synthesis method and has also demonstrated a novel route to synthesize Ni(OH)2 decorated SDCNs by a simple adsorption cum precipitation method. The SDCNs are alternative candidates to prestigious carbon materials such as graphene, carbon nanotubes, and fullerenes. Moreover, SDCNs provide excellent support to the Ni(2+) ion adsorption and initiate the formation of Ni(OH)2. The formation of Ni(OH)2 on the SDCN matrix was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), selected area diffraction pattern (SAED), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). After these meticulous structural evaluations, we have described the mechanism for the formation of Ni(OH)2 on an SDCN matrix. The as-prepared Ni(OH)2 decorated SDCN nanocomposites were used as an electrode material for nonenzymatic glucose sensors. The fabricated glucose sensor exhibited a wide linear concentration range, 0.0001-5.22 mM and 5.22-10.22 mM, and a low-level detection limit of 28 nM. Additionally, it reveals excellent selectivity in the potentially interfering ions and also possesses a good stability. The practicality of the fabricated glucose sensor was also demonstrated toward glucose detection in biological samples.

Sonochemical Synthesis of Sulfur Doped Reduced Graphene Oxide Supported CuS Nanoparticles for the Non-Enzymatic Glucose Sensor Applications

“…These studies resulted that the S-rGO has the ability to act as a mild oxidizing agent to oxidize the CuS. This result was in accordance with our previous report where sulfur doped carbon was act as an oxidizing agent while synthesize the nickel hydroxide 12 . Furthermore, the surface morphology of S-rGO/CuS was probed by HR-TEM and shown in Fig.…”

“…Hence, the glucose (a) oxidation was examined in the presence of sucrose (b), fructose (c), lactose (d), galactose (e), Na + (f), NO 3 − (g), H 2 O 2 (h), UA (i), DA (j) and AA (k) in 0.1 M NaOH. The interfering substances are taken 30 times lower than that of glucose concentrations, because the physiological level of glucose concentration is 3–8 mM 12 . Figure 6C displays the amperometric responses of glucose oxidation in the presence of interfering substances in 0.1 M NaOH at 0.48 V. As shown in Fig.…”

“…In this study, we have investigated the structural changes of CuS by using the sulfur doped reduced graphene oxide (S-rGO). Followed by our previous work, we scrutinized the oxidizing properties of S-doped rGO that influences the oxidizing behavior from loan pairs of sulfur 12 . The structural changes were confirmed by various physicochemical characterizations and the electrochemistry of that compounds were examined towards the glucose oxidation.

Figure 1The crystal model of copper sulfide (covellite).

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A voltammetric determination of caffeic acid in red wines based on the nitrogen doped carbon modified glassy carbon electrode

“…Conversely, the D band is corresponds to structural disorder and defects which breaking the sp 2 symmetry of carbon30. These defects and disorder was mainly produced by the presence of hetero atoms, which collapses the ordered crystallization of carbon to the hexagonal lattice31. The crystallinity of NDC was inferred from the relative intensities ratio of D and G bands (I D /I G ).…”

Remarkably accelerated room-temperature hydrogen sensing of MoO3 nanoribbon/graphene composites by suppressing the nanojunction effects

“…Considering the synergistic electrochemical properties of Ni and graphene, in this study we have developed a novel threedimensional rGO/Ni hybrid electrode using ZnO nanorod (ZNR) arrays. It is noteworthy that, Ni and NiO nanostructures combined with carbon nanostructures, particularly graphene and graphene oxide nanosheets, and other metallic and ceramic nanoparticles as well as conductive polymers have recently been utilized for the fabrication of glucose biosensors, for example Yang et al [26], Dai et al [27], Kariklan et al [28], Fu et al [29], Zhang et al [5], Hui et al [30], Hu et al. [23], Xiangjie et al (2013), Gao et al [13], and Zhang et al [31].…”