Modification of polymers in the melt

Modification of Polyacrylonitrile Particles and Grafted Films with Oxazolines

“…[8][9][10][11] (Scheme 1) Using this method, new reactive polymers are produced without the need of new monomers. In these studies, it has been established that the substitution degree of the aminoalcohol plays an important role on the ring closure and on the subsequent ring reactivity.…”

Thermoreversible cross-linking of maleated ethylene/propylene copolymers with diamines and amino-alcohols

“…This is related to the significantly lower X Anh and, hence, lower level of cross-linking for the latter material, due to the aforementioned evaporation of the OHeOH cross-linker, whereas X Anh decreases only slightly for the 2 e2 and 2 eOH cross-linkers after compression molding (compare Tables 2 and 3). This results in a significantly lower hardness and M 200 , a higher EB and a lower (poorer) CS 23 and CS 70 , while the values of TS are comparable. Note that these trends are similar to the effect of the cross-link density on the rubber properties for covalently cross-linked elastomers [1].…”

“…Nitroso dimerization [15], the reaction of azlactones with phenols [16] and the reaction of carboxylic acids with vinyl ethers [17] have also been applied to obtain thermoreversible polymer networks. Finally, the reactions of cyclic anhydrides with alcohols to form hemi-esters [18e21] or with amines to form amideeacids [22,23] have been reported to be thermoreversible.…”

“…As discussed above, the reaction of the anhydride groups of MAn-g-EPM with amines is also thermoreversible. The reaction with primary (1 ) amines may be less suitable for thermoreversible cross-linking, as the initially-formed 1 amideeacids are prone to irreversible imide formation already at moderately elevated temperatures (Scheme 1B) [22,23,29,30]. The use of secondary (2 ) amines results in a thermoreversible reaction, since imide formation is not possible (Scheme 1C).…”

Modification of Poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride) with Amino Alcohols in the Melt

“…In previous articles we have already discussed the results of conversions between poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride) (S/MA) as basis polymer and aliphatic alcohols [3], primary and secondary amines [4] and amino acids [5].…”