Modified CaO Catalyst from Golden Snail Shell (Pomacea canaliculata) for Transesterification Reaction of Used Cooking Oil

Abstract

One of alkaline earth metal oxide is calcium oxide, CaO has more attention because it has high strength, low solubility in methanol, and can be synthesized from sources that are easy to obtain. One of the sources of CaO and showed its catalytic properties was the golden snail shell. In this study, synthesize ash golden snail shell modified with fly ash leached and non-leached as a source of silicate (SiO2) has been investigated. The CaO/fly ash catalyst was applied to the transesterification reaction of used cooking oil. There are three catalysts have synthesized, namely golden snail shell calcined (CK), 75% golden snail shell calcined modified by 25% fly ash (CKFA), and by 25% fly ash leached (CKFAL). Based on the results of characterization with spectrophotometer X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), golden snail shell calcined at 900 ˚C containing 93.94% Ca (OH)2. Modified CaO catalyst from golden snail shell and fly ash were active to convert used cooking oil become biodiesel.

The Effect of CaO Catalyst Mass from Golden Snail Shell (Pomacea Canaliculata Lamarck) on Transesterification Reaction

“…The CaO absorption appeared under 600 cm -1 [4], which was seen at 454 cm -1 in current study. Furthermore, the absorption of CaCO3 did not appear in the wavenumber of 1800 -800 cm -1 , showed that the CaCO3 from snail shell has been perfectly decomposed to form CaO, see Equation 3 [9].…”

“…The shells were crushed and washed to remove impurities. Furthermore, the shell was dried in the oven at 110 C for 24 hours followed by calcined at 900 C for 2 hours to obtain the shell powder [9]. In order to determine the presence of CaO functional group and the crystalline phase, the catalyst was analyzed using FT-IR-ATR Bruker Alpha equipped with diamond crystal.…”

“…Modified calcined golden snail shell with fly ash as a catalyst [9] has been investigated that 3% (by weight of oil) of unmodified calcined golden snail shell had good performances to convert waste cooking oil become biodiesel rather than modified catalyst. This study had not investigated the optimum mass which produced high yield biodiesel.…”

Highly Efficient Removal of Methylene Blue Dye from Wastewater Using CaO-MnFe2O4 Nanoparticles Prepared with Teak Leaf Extract

“…In this study, an oxide support material namely CaO from calcined golden snail shells was added to nanoparticles. The calcination process is carried out at high temperatures to activate the catalyst and to decompose the carbonate groups into CaO [7].…”

“…CaO is semiconductor material that had a specific crystal size and surface area so it has good catalytic activity [5], [6]. CaO could be produced from environmentally friendly materials containing calcium carbonate such as golden snail shells that potential as catalyst [7].…”