Modulation of Gut Microbiota of Overweight Mice by Agavins and Their Association with Body Weight Loss

Abstract

Abstract:Agavins consumption has lead to accelerate body weight loss in mice. We investigated the changes on cecal microbiota and short chain fatty acids (SCFA) associated to body weight loss in overweight mice. Firstly, mice were fed with standard (ST5) or high fat (HF5) diet for 5 weeks. Secondly, overweight mice were shifted to standard diet alone (HF-ST10) or supplemented with agavins (HF-ST+A10) or oligofructose (HF-ST+O10), five more weeks. Cecal contents were collected before and after supplementation to determine microbiota and SCFA concentrations. At the end of first phase, HF5 mice showed a significant increase of body weight, which was associated with reduction of cecal microbiota diversity (PD whole tree; non-parametric t-test, P < 0.05), increased Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and reduced SCFA concentrations (t-test, P < 0.05). After diet shifted, HF-ST10 normalized its microbiota, increase its diversity and SCFA levels, whereas agavins (HF-ST+A10) or oligofructose (HF-ST+O10) led to partial microbiota restoration, with normalization of the Firmicutes/Bacteroides ratio as well as higher SCFA levels (P < 0.1). Moreover, agavins noticeably enriched Klebsiella and Citrobacter (LDA > 3.0), which have not been reported previously under a prebiotic treatment. In conclusion, agavins or oligofructose modulated cecal microbiota composition, reduced extent of diversity and increased SCFA. Furthermore, identification of bacteria enriched by agavins, opens opportunities to explore new probiotics.

Depletion of the gut microbiota differentially affects the impact of whey protein on high‐fat diet‐induced obesity and intestinal permeability

“…Notably, in Figure S3c,d is clearly Allobaculum much more present in the presence of WPI compared to CAS in non-treated mice. A decrease in Allobaculum was found in obesity-prone mice fed with HFD and an increase of this genera has been linked with a reduction in body weight in obese mice (Huazano-García et al, 2017;Qiao et al, 2014;Ravussin et al, 2012). Furthermore, unlike our previous results (Boscaini et al, 2020), here we observed a decrease in alpha-diversity in HFD-WPI vs HFD-CAS group.…”

N‐Acetylcysteine alleviates gut dysbiosis and glucose metabolic disorder in high‐fat diet‐fed mice

“…For some diversity indices, such as the number of OTUs and species observed, there was no difference between the NCD and HFD groups, as reported by others. [31][32][33] In the present study, NAC treatment increased the richness and diversity of intestinal bacteria in mice with or without HFD feeding (Fig. S2).…”

Prevotella histicola Protects From Arthritis by Expansion of Allobaculum and Augmenting Butyrate Production in Humanized Mice

“…Interaction between MCI001 and Allobaculum may be responsible for metabolic and consequently immune changes in the small intestine of the treated mice which drive the anti-inflammatory response. The observations in this study are reminiscent of the previous data in NOD mice where treatment of obese mice with high fiber diet led to weight loss which was associated with the colonization of Prevotella and Allobaculum ( 56 , 57 ). Allobaculum is one of the high butyrate producing Firmicute and is an active glucose assimilator in the gut ( 58 – 60 ).…”

“…Both Faecalibacterium and Allobaculum are Firmicutes that are butyrate producers and share metabolic similarities in the gut. Both of these bacteria can coexist and dominate in the guts of mice treated for metabolic disorders ( 57 ).…”