Modulation of intracellular expression of IFNγ and IL-2 in culture of splenic T lymphocytes by some flavonoid glycosides ofAlchornea floribunda

Abstract

Context Alchornea floribunda Mü ll. Arg. (Euphorbiaceae) leaves are widely used in ethnomedicine for the management of rheumatism, arthritis and toothache. Objective In this study, flavonoid glycosides isolated from Alchornea floribunda were screened for their effect on the intracellular expression of interferon-gamma (IFNg) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) type-1 cytokines. Materials and methods Chromatographic purification of the ethyl acetate fraction of the methanol leaf extract led to the isolation of seven flavonoid glycosides (1-7). Their structures were elucidated by 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry. Splenocytes were treated with graded concentrations of the compounds (6.25-25 mg/mL) and incubated for 24 h. Thereafter, their effect on the expression of IFNg and IL-2 by CD4 + and CD8 + T-lymphocytes was evaluated using intracellular cytokine staining and FACS analysis. Results Compounds 1-7 (6.25-25 mg/mL) caused the up-regulation of activated CD8 + (57.85-72.45% versus 57.85% for untreated control) and, to a lesser extent, activated CD4 + (3.21-7.21% versus 2.75% for the untreated control) T-lymphocytes that were both largely interferon-gammareleasing in treated mouse T lymphocytes relative to untreated control. FACS data analysis showed that stimulation with all the compounds increased the proportion of CD8 + /IFNg + and CD4 +

Effects of fermented Chinese herbal medicines on milk performance and immune function in late-lactation cows under heat stress conditions

“…On the other hand, cytokine, a soluble extracellular protein or glycoprotein, is mainly produced from leukocytes (often lymphocyte) and possesses multiple targets and multiple functions such as modulating the development, differentiation, activation and function of immune cells, and engaging in innate and adaptive host defenses against inflammation. Recent studies have indicated that some CHMs influenced immune responses through modulation of mRNA transcript and protein expression of cytokines such as IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-12 (Spelman et al, 2006;Ma et al, 2013;Okoye et al, 2016). Results of our study suggest that the CHMs supplements increased the concentration of both type-1 cytokine IL-2 and type-2 cytokine IL-6 in serum for late-lactation cows.…”