Molecular and cellular analysis of orange plants infected with Huanglongbing (citrus greening disease)

Zhang, Xing‐Hai; Pizzo, Nicholas; Abutineh, Mohamed; Jin, Xiao-Lu; Naylon, Sarah; Meredith, Tricia L.; West, Lyndon M.; Harlin, John M

doi:10.1007/s10725-020-00642-z

Cited by 8 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…A genetic transformation approach has also been explored to create transgenic citrus scions [67] or transgenic plants [68] that are resistant to HLB and other citrus diseases. Direct injection to the phloem of an antimicrobial peptide from lime plants [69] or a plant extract concoction called Agent G ( [70] and our unpublished observations) has shown a promising and safe way in treating and preventing HLB. However, there is currently not a single widely accepted regime of effective treatment or cure available.…”

Section: Genetic Analysis Of Citrus Greening Disease (Hlb)mentioning

confidence: 79%

“…The expression of CLas phage genes such as holin and peroxidases was found to be much lower in the natural host citrus plants having HLB than the CLasinfected non-host plant periwinkle [82]. In phenotypically healthy orange plants, some of the phage genes exhibited elevated expression [70]. These observations suggest a negative association between CLas phage activity and CLas virulence.…”

Section: Genetic Analysis Of Citrus Greening Disease (Hlb)mentioning

confidence: 90%

“…One immediate outcome of genomic sequencing is the realization of the detection of CLas bacteria by highly sensitive qPCR [74] using Clas-specific primers. qPCR detects the presence of CLas bacterial DNA in plant DNA extracts, thus indicating the bacterial infection even before HLB symptoms appear [70,[75][76][77][78]. More sensitive and specific primers for CLas detection have been developed.…”

Section: Genetic Analysis Of Citrus Greening Disease (Hlb)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using a simple freeze and fracture procedure [84], the leaf cross sections can be clearly imaged using SEM. This allows close observations of phloem and xylem tissues, revealing any blocking by bacterial aggregates in these transport tissues [70]. However, SEM images alone cannot identify which pathogen species causes the clogging of the plant vascular system.…”

Section: Genetic Analysis Of Citrus Greening Disease (Hlb)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genomic Analysis for Citrus Disease Detection

Abutineh¹,

Pizzo²,

Nifakos³

et al. 2021

OBM Genetics

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Citrus is an important group of globally produced fruit crops, holding great economic, cultural, and health value. Belonging to the Rutacaeae family, the genus Citrus includes some of the most iconic and widely appreciated variants of fruits such as the orange, lemon, lime, grapefruit, and tangerine. The spread of various diseases threatens the worldwide production of citrus fruit crops. Diseases such as Asiatic citrus canker, citrus tristeza virus, citrus leprosis, and especially citrus greening disease (also known as Huanglongbing) cause various symptoms harmful to plant growth and fruit production, inflicting tremendous economic damages. Advancements in genetic analysis technologies have offered new tools to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlining these diseases. In this review, we briefly overview the utility of genetic analysis in detection and monitoring of citrus disease-causing pathogens. We then focus our discussion on one of the most damaging citrus diseases, citrus greening disease (Huanglongbing). Genomic and gene expression analysis of citrus plants and their disease-causing microbes, along with tissue

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Section: Genetic Analysis Of Citrus Greening Disease (Hlb)mentioning

confidence: 79%

Section: Genetic Analysis Of Citrus Greening Disease (Hlb)mentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Genetic Analysis Of Citrus Greening Disease (Hlb)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Genetic Analysis Of Citrus Greening Disease (Hlb)mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Genomic Analysis for Citrus Disease Detection

Abutineh¹,

Pizzo²,

Nifakos³

et al. 2021

OBM Genetics

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“…Liberibacter asiaticus" sequenced from the rest of the World. A high CLas DNA level in the HLB symptomatic leaves was detected through qPCR (Zhang et al, 2020). Primer A2/J5 was used to distinguish between CLas and CLaf.…”

Section: Molecular Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence and Molecular Detection of Greening Disease in Two Citrus Cultivars in Sargodha, Pakistan

Sajid¹,

Ghazanfar²,

Rauf³

et al. 2021

SJA

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C itrus is infected by several different pathogens, including fungi, prokaryotes, viruses, nematodes, and virus-like pathogens (Khan et al., 2016). Among these pathogens, the citrus greening disease is one of the most devastating and widely distributed pathogens in citrus orchards of significant citrus-growing areas of the world and Pakistan (Iftikhar et al., 2016;Saifullah et al., 2015). Citrus greening (CGD) disease is now alternatively termed as Huanglongbing (HLB) and is known with different names in different countries owing to their local languages. All the citrus cultivars are affected by this disease regardless of the rootstock. This graft transmissible disease can also be transmitted through an insect vector very efficiently (Graca, 1991;Batool et al., 2007). HLB being a century-old disease, probably originated at the end of the 19 th century in China (Batool et al., 2007; Bove, 2006). The greening disease is caused by gram-negative unculturable phloem limited bacterium (Murray and Schlifer, 1994) named Candidatus liberibacter. Jagoueix et al.

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An endolysin gene fromCandidatusLiberibacter asiaticus confers dual resistance to huanglongbing and citrus canker

Ran

et al. 2023

Horticulture Research

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The most damaging citrus diseases are Huanglongbing (HLB) and citrus canker, which are Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CaLas) and Xanthomonas citri pv. citri (Xcc), respectively. Endolysins from bacteriophages are a possible option for disease resistance in plant breeding. Here, we report improvement of citrus resistance to HLB and citrus canker using the LasLYS1 and LasLYS2 endolysins from CaLas. LasLYS2 demonstrated bactericidal efficacy against several Rhizobiaceae bacteria and Xcc, according to inhibition zone analyses. The two genes driven by a strong promoter 35S were integrated into Carrizo citrange via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. More than two years of greenhouse testing indicated that LasLYS2 provided substantial and long-lasting resistance to HLB, allowing transgenic plants to retain low CaLas titers and no obvious symptoms while also clearing CaLas from infected plants in the long term. LasLYS2 transgenic plants with improved HLB resistance also showed resistance to Xcc, indicating that LasLYS2 had dual resistance to HLB and citrus canker. A microbiome study of transgenic plants revealed that the endolysins repressed Xanthomonadaceae and Rhizobiaceae populations in roots while increasing Burkholderiaceae and Rhodanobacteraceae populations, which might boost citrus defense response, according to transcriptome analysis. We also found that Lyz domain 2 is the key bactericidal motif of LasLYS1 and LasLYS2. Four endolysins with potential resistance to HLB and citrus canker were found based on the structures of LasLYS1 and LasLYS2. Overall, the work shed light on the mechanisms of resistance of CaLas-derived endolysins, providing insights for designing endolysins to develop broad-spectrum disease resistance in citrus.

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Molecular and cellular analysis of orange plants infected with Huanglongbing (citrus greening disease)

Cited by 8 publications

References 50 publications

Genomic Analysis for Citrus Disease Detection

Genomic Analysis for Citrus Disease Detection

Incidence and Molecular Detection of Greening Disease in Two Citrus Cultivars in Sargodha, Pakistan

An endolysin gene fromCandidatusLiberibacter asiaticus confers dual resistance to huanglongbing and citrus canker

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