Molecular and Elemental Characterization of Selected Turkish Durum Wheat Varieties

Abstract

Combination of elemental and protein studies along with molecular data using microsatellite markers may lead to the better and realistic determination of relatedness between the varieties and their populations. In this study, the extent of diversity among five Turkish durum wheat cultivars and their populations has been assessed using seven microsatellite markers and the elemental analysis together with the differences in their protein content.In molecular analysis, total 23 alleles have been obtained among all the genotypes with middling of 4.6 per primer. On employing UPGMA Dendrogram, Principle Coordinate Analysis (PCoA) and Winboot analyses, both inter and intra varietal polymorphic studies had shown similar clustering with minor differences. As a result of AMOVA performed, the extent of diversity was found to be higher among the genotypes (76%) in comparison to the variability within the genotypes (24%). In elemental analyses, ‘Selcuklu-97’ was found to be the most efficient variety with high content of several elements. Also, strong and positive correlation has been observed between magnesium- phosphorus, magnesium-sulphur and sulphur-sodium, while noteworthy negative correlation has been observed between sodium and zinc. The protein content of the genotypes was found in the range of 15.17-16.90%.The diversity revealed in durum genotypes can be employed in genetic expansion of the crop. These involved varieties may aid to avoid genetic attrition coming up from the landraces. The information provided can be utilized by breeders for appropriate selection of both, genetically and nutritionally efficient durum wheat varieties.

Diversity analysis of genetic, agronomic, and quality characteristics of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars grown in Turkey

“…Using seven Turkish wheat cultivars and 223 genomic SSR markers, the mean PIC value was found to be 0.522 (Akfırat and Uncuoğlu, 2013). Five Turkish durum wheat varieties were differentiated with seven SSR markers with a relatively high range of PIC values (0.227-0.887) (Hakkı et al, 2014). In our study, the markers derived from different genomes resulted in similar allele numbers, although the B genome markers had the least informative alleles.…”

Variability in iron, zinc and phytic acid content in a worldwide collection of commercial durum wheat cultivars and the effect of reduced irrigation on these traits

“…The study of Ficco et al (2009) is the only reported study which was carried out under field conditions with a significant number of modern durum cultivars. Other authors have found similar or smaller ranges of variation in studies done with a small number of genotypes and/or under greenhouse conditions ( Cakmak et al, 2000 , Genc and McDonald, 2008 ; Hakki et al, 2014 ; Rachoń, Pałys, & Szumiło, 2012 ; Zhao et al, 2009 ). Therefore, it seems clear that the genetic variability available in the modern durum pool is not enough, and it would be necessary to use other wheat genetic resources in the breeding process.…”

Genetic Diversity and Population Structure in Türkiye Bread Wheat Genotypes Revealed by Simple Sequence Repeats (SSR) Markers

“…Locus has high diversity when the PIC value is ≥0.5 and low diversity when the PIC value is ≤0.25 [ 67 ]. In similar studies conducted on wheat genotypes with SSR markers, the average PIC values were lower than the value of 0.62 [ 63 ], 0.65 [ 68 ], 0.65, [ 48 ], 0.52 [ 28 ], 0.50 [ 7 ], 0.57 [ 69 ], 0.83 [ 53 ] and higher than Erayman et al [ 27 ] with an average of 0.205, Demirel [ 70 ] with an average of 0.19 and Pour-Aboughadareh et al [ 54 ] with an average of 0.32, and Kumar et al [ 51 ] reported an average of 0.33 PIC values. Of the 25 SSR markers, 21 had a PIC value greater than 0.800, indicating that these markers were highly informative and effective.…”