Molecular Approaches in Restoration of Agro-Biodiversity

Anuragi, Hirdayesh; Srijan, Apichai; Rajarajan, K.; Taria, Sukumar; Singhal, Rajesh Kumar; Handa, A. K.; Arunachalam, A.

doi:10.1007/978-981-19-0928-3_13

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…The genomes of organelles have enabled us to unearth a more comprehensive evolutionary history for each species of interest. Overall, molecular technologies have enabled research pathways concentrating on the synergistic development of crops and assisting in the optimization of various soil-less media for improved and more e cient plant growth (Anuragi et al 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic soil-less medium for enhanced yield of crops: a step towards incorporating genomic tools for attaining net zero hunger

Thakur

Nigam

Awasthi

et al. 2023

Funct Integr Genomics

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Globally, industrial farming endangers crucial ecological mechanisms upon which food production relies, while 815 million people are undernourished and a signi cant number are malnourished. Zero Hunger aims to concurrently solve global ecological sustainability and food security concerns. Recent breakthroughs in molecular tools and approaches have allowed scientists to detect and comprehend the nature and structure of agro-biodiversity at the molecular and genetic levels, providing us an advantage over traditional methods of crop breeding. These bioinformatics techniques let us optimize our target plants for our soil-less medium and vice versa. Most of the soil-borne and seed-borne diseases are the outcome of non-treated seed and growth media, which are important factors in low productivity. The farmers do not take these issues into account, thereby facing problems growing healthy crops and suffering economic losses. This study is going to help the farmers increase their eco-friendly, chemical residue-free, quality yield of crops and their economic returns. The present invention discloses a synergistic soil-less medium that consists of only four ingredients mixed in optimal ratios by weight: vermicompost (70-80%), vermiculite (10-15%), coco peat (10-15%), and Rhizobium (0-1%). The medium exhibits better physical and chemical characteristics than existing conventional media. The vermiculite to coco peat ratio is reduced, while the vermicompost ratio is increased, with the goals of lowering toxicity, increasing plant and water holding capacity, avoiding drying of the media, and conserving water. The medium provides balanced nutrition and proper ventilation for seed germination and the growth of seedlings. Rhizobium is also used to treat the plastic bags and seeds. The results clearly show that the current synergistic soil-less environment is best for complete plant growth. Securing genetic advantages via sexual recombination, induced random mutations, and transgenic techniques has been essential for the development of improved agricultural varieties. The recent availability of targeted genome-editing technology provides a new path for integrating bene cial genetic modi cations into the most signi cant agricultural species on the planet. CRISPR/Cas9 has evolved into a potent genomeediting tool for imparting genetic modi cations to crop species. In addition, the integration of analytical methods like population genomics, phylogenomics, metagenomics, etc., addresses conservation problems, while whole-genome sequencing has opened up a new dimension for explaining the genome architecture and its interactions with other species.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%