Molecular characterization and assessment of genetic diversity of sorghum inbred lines

Abstract

Selecting parents of diverse genetic base with contrasting phenotype is an important step in developing mapping populations for quantitative trait loci (QTL) detection and marker-assisted selection. We studied genetic diversity in 31 sorghum parents using 413 sorghum simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers. The polymorphism information content (PIC), a measure of gene diversity, varied from 0 to 0.92 with an average of 0.53 and was significantly correlated with number of alleles. The primers IS10215, IS10270 and IS10333 could differentiate all the 31 lines conclusively. Clustering analysis based on the genetic dissimilarity grouped the 31 parents into eight clusters and grouping was in good agreement with pedigree, race and geographic origin. Diverse pairs of sorghum parents were identified with contrast phenotype for various biotic and abiotic stresses with higher genetic diversity for developing recombinant inbred line (RIL) mapping populations to identify QTLs/genes for important traits in sorghum. One of the mapping populations resulted in the identification of QTLs for resistance to sorghum shoot fly and these QTL results were validated in a second mapping population.

Molecular evaluation of Ethiopian sweet sorghum germplasm and their contribution to regional breeding programs

“…The Ethiopian sweet sorghum collections showed distinct clustering between accessions from the north and those from the eastern and west central Ethiopia. The results are in agreement with past studies conducted for Ethiopian (Beyene et al, 2014) and global sorghum collections (Madhusudhana et al, 2012;Ramu et al, 2013;Lekgari and Dweikat, 2014) in which clustering based on geographic origin was observed for both grain and sweet sorghum. Other studies that included different sorghum races (Wang et al, 2013) and assessed their biological status (Billot et al, 2013) further reported clustering based on geographic origin and race Wang et al, 2013;Kitavi et al, 2014) and also according to biological status (Billot et al, 2013).…”

“…This is further confirmed by other studies that characterized Ethiopian sorghum accessions maintained in Ethiopia (Adugna, 2014) or elsewhere (Cuevas and Prom, 2013) as well as those from Kenya (Mutegi et al, 2011) that reported comparable proportions of rare alleles. Although an overall high level (78.7%) of rare alleles has been reported in global composite germplasm collection (GCGC) of sorghum (Billot et al, 2013), the proportion of rare alleles reported for Indian sorghum collections have been lower than in the current study (Madhusudhana et al, 2012). The Ethiopian sweet sorghum collections showed distinct clustering between accessions from the north and those from the eastern and west central Ethiopia.…”

Agro-morphological and Molecular Characterization of Sorghum (Sorghum vulgare L.) for Water Stress Tolerance

“…This research could not only provide guidance for sorghum drought breeding, but also help the selection and cultivation of new genotypes of water stress tolerant sorghum. Greatly improving the potential application of marker-assisted selection (MAS) in sorghum improvement has been done (Wu and Haung, 2006;Madhusudhana et al, 2012). Generally, molecular marker in cereal breeding have been varied and include identification and fingerprinting of parental genotypes, assessing genetic diversity, detection of quantitative trait loci (QTL) and MAS with introgression of QTL into elite germplasm.…”

Assessment of genetic diversity in sorghum bicolor using RAPD markers

“…Due to the impact of sorghum as one of the most important cereal crops around the world, it is possible to find a wide number of studies related to determination of genetic diversity of this species (AKRAM et al, 2011;BAHAA et al, 2013;DAHLBERG, 2011;LEKGARI and DWEIKAT, 2014;MADHUSUDHANA et al, 2012;MBEYAGALA et al, 2012;MOFOKENG et al, 2012;RITTER et al, 2007). In this sense, the present study is aimed to assess the genetic diversity of sorghum genotypes from the Czech Plant Gene Bank, Crop Research Institute in Prague, through Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA molecular markers (RAPD).…”