Molecular Detection and Assessment of Hemato-Biochemistry, Oxidant/Antioxidant Status in Natural Canine Monocytic Ehrlichiosis Cases from Northern India

Behera, Sujit Kumar; Dimri, Umesh; Banerjee, Parthasarathi; Garg, Rajat; Dandapat, S.; Sharma, Bhaskar

doi:10.1007/s40011-015-0605-y

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…This fluctuation in the prevalence rate of E. canis across different agroecological zones of the country may be linked to the differences in sample size, diversity of infesting ticks and availability of competent tick vectors and host population that influence pathogen survival and in turn its prevalence rate. However, our findings are generally consistent with published literature that confirmed the presence of E. canis in the ixodid tick species and dog hosts from China, India, Korea, Philippines, Russia, Thailand, Portugal and Southeast Asia [ 3 , 54 – 60 ]. The 16S rRNA consensus sequences of E. canis shared homology and evolutionary history with identical isolates from Asia, Europe, North America and South America, suggesting that E. canis ' identical genotype is circulating in different tick species globally without geographic restrictions [ 60 – 64 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Genetic diversity of vector-borne pathogens in ixodid ticks infesting dogs from Pakistan with notes on Ehrlichia canis, Rickettsia raoultii and Dirofilaria immitis detection

Zeb,

Song,

Khan

et al. 2023

Parasites Vectors

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Background Vector-/tick-borne pathogens (V/TBPs) pose a potential threat to human and animal health globally. Information regarding canine V/TBPs is scarce and no specific study has been conducted so far to explore the microbial diversity within ticks infesting dogs from Pakistan. Herein, this knowledge gap is addressed by assessing the genetic diversity and prevalence pattern of V/TBPs in ixodid ticks with special implications for public and canine health. Methods A total of 1150 hard ticks were collected from 300 dogs across central Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), Pakistan. After morpho-molecular identification, 120 tick samples were screened for the presence of V/TBPs by amplifying 16S rRNA/gltA (Rickettsia/Ehrlichia and Wolbachia sp.), 18S rRNA (Theileria sp.) and cox1 (Dirofilaria sp.) genes through PCR followed by sequencing and phylogenetic study. Results In toto, 50 ixodid ticks (50/120, 41.7%) were found positive for V/TBPs DNA. The detected V/TBPs were categorized into five genera and eight species, viz. Ehrlichia (E. canis and Ehrlichia sp.), Rickettsia (R. massiliae, R. raoultii and Rickettsia sp.), Theileria (T. annulata), Dirofilaria (D. immitis) and Wolbachia (Wolbachia sp.). The pathogen prevalence patterns showed that R. massiliae was the most prevalent zoonotic V/TBP (19.5%), followed by E. canis (10.8%), Rickettsia sp. (7.5%), R. raoultii (6.7%), T. annulata (5.8%), D. immitis (5.8%), Wolbachia sp. (4.2%) and Ehrlichia sp. (3.3%), respectively. Among the screened tick species, most Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato samples were found positive for V/TBP DNA (20/20,100%) followed by Rh. turanicus sensu stricto (13/20, 65%), Hyalomma dromedarii (8/20, 40%), Rh. haemaphysaloides (6/20, 30%), Hy. excavatum (2/20, 10%) and Rh. microplus (1/20, 5%). Co-occurrence of V/TBP was also detected in tick specimens (single V/TBP infection: 32 ticks; double and triple: 13 and 5 tick samples). The detected pathogens shared a phylogenetic relationship with similar isolates published in NCBI GenBank from Old and New World countries. Conclusion Ixodid ticks infesting dogs harbor a diverse array of V/TBPs including zoonotic agents from Pakistan. Furthermore, the presence of D. immitis in ticks that infest dogs raises the possibility that this parasite has either attained its dead-end host (i.e. the tick) while feeding on dogs or has expanded its range of intermediate/paratenic hosts. Further research work is needed to investigate the epidemiology and confirm the vector competence of screened tick species for these pathogens from Pakistan. Graphical Abstract

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Genetic diversity of vector-borne pathogens in ixodid ticks infesting dogs from Pakistan with notes on Ehrlichia canis, Rickettsia raoultii and Dirofilaria immitis detection

Zeb,

Song,

Khan

et al. 2023

Parasites Vectors

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“…Kumar et al [15] reported 3.55 % prevalence of E. Canis in and around Meerut region of Uttar Pradesh. Behera et al [16] revealed that the nested polymerase chain reaction proved to be highly sensitive in detecting acute cases, followed by the buffy coat and blood smear examination. Singla et al [17] found that E. canis is second most tick born pathogen affecting dog following B. gibsoni in a Punjab state of India.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ehrlichia canis Infection in a Labrador Retriever Dog: A Case Report

Chandrakant,

Shukla,

Rathore

et al. 2024

UPJOZ

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A six-year-old Labrador retriever dog with a history of fever, inappetence, and unilateral epistaxis was presented to the Referral Veterinary Clinical Complex, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar. Clinical examination revealed the dog had pyrexia, an enlarged peripheral lymph node, and the presence of ticks on the body. The dog was suspected of having a haemoprotozoan infection, and a thin peripheral blood smear was submitted to the Division of Parasitology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatanagar, Bareilly, for examination. A blood smear was screened for haemoprotozoan examination using Giemsa’s stain, which showed positivity for Ehrlichia canis. Treatment was initiated with Doxycycline at 10 mg/kg B.wt. orally once for 28 days, along with supportive therapy, which resulted in a significant improvement in the dog's condition. An incidence of E. canis was reported from the Bareilly district of Uttar Pradesh.

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Determination of Serum Oxidative Stress, Antioxidant Capacity and Protein Profiles in Dogs Naturally Infected with Ehrlichia canis

et al. 2021

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Molecular Detection and Assessment of Hemato-Biochemistry, Oxidant/Antioxidant Status in Natural Canine Monocytic Ehrlichiosis Cases from Northern India

Cited by 4 publications

References 27 publications

Genetic diversity of vector-borne pathogens in ixodid ticks infesting dogs from Pakistan with notes on Ehrlichia canis, Rickettsia raoultii and Dirofilaria immitis detection

Genetic diversity of vector-borne pathogens in ixodid ticks infesting dogs from Pakistan with notes on Ehrlichia canis, Rickettsia raoultii and Dirofilaria immitis detection

Ehrlichia canis Infection in a Labrador Retriever Dog: A Case Report

Determination of Serum Oxidative Stress, Antioxidant Capacity and Protein Profiles in Dogs Naturally Infected with Ehrlichia canis

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