Molecular differentiation of five Cinnamomum camphora chemotypes using desorption atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry of raw leaves

Guo, Xinwu; Cui, Meng; Deng, Min; Liu, Xingxing; Huang, Xueyong; Zhang, Xinglei; Li, Luo

doi:10.1038/srep46579

Cited by 33 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…It is a common phenomenon that noteworthy differences in chemical composition exist between individuals of the same species in the genus Cinnamomum (Guo et al, 2017;Singh et al, 2012;Teles et al, 2019). For example, there are at least five chemotypes in C. camphora, including the borneol type, linalool type, camphor type, nerolidol type and 1,8-cineole type (Chen et al, 2018).…”

Section: Validation Of Degs Using Quantitative Real-time Pcr (Qrt-pcr)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mining of candidate genes involved in the biosynthesis of dextrorotatory borneol in Cinnamomum burmannii by transcriptomic analysis on three chemotypes

Yang

Liu

et al. 2020

PeerJ

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Background Dextrorotatory borneol (D-borneol), a cyclic monoterpene, is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine as an efficient topical analgesic drug. Fresh leaves of Cinnamomum trees, e.g., C. burmannii and C. camphor, are the main sources from which D-borneol is extracted by steam distillation, yet with low yields. Insufficient supply of D-borneol has hampered its clinical use and production of patent remedies for a long time. Biological synthesis of D-borneol offers an additional approach; however, mechanisms of D-borneol biosynthesis remain mostly unresolved. Hence, it is important and necessary to elucidate the biosynthetic pathway of D-borneol. Results Comparative analysis on the gene expression patterns of different D-borneol production C. burmannii samples facilitates elucidation on the underlying biosynthetic pathway of D-borneol. Herein, we collected three different chemotypes of C. burmannii, which harbor different contents of D-borneol.A total of 100,218 unigenes with an N50 of 1,128 bp were assembled de novo using Trinity from a total of 21.21 Gb clean bases. We used BLASTx analysis against several public databases to annotate 45,485 unigenes (45.38%) to at least one database, among which 82 unigenes were assigned to terpenoid biosynthesis pathways by KEGG annotation. In addition, we defined 8,860 unigenes as differentially expressed genes (DEGs), among which 13 DEGs were associated with terpenoid biosynthesis pathways. One 1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate synthase (DXS) and two monoterpene synthase, designated as CbDXS9, CbTPS2 and CbTPS3, were up-regulated in the high-borneol group compared to the low-borneol and borneol-free groups, and might be vital to biosynthesis of D-borneol in C. burmannii. In addition, we identified one WRKY, two BHLH, one AP2/ERF and three MYB candidate genes, which exhibited the same expression patterns as CbTPS2 and CbTPS3, suggesting that these transcription factors might potentially regulate D-borneol biosynthesis. Finally, quantitative real-time PCR was conducted to detect the actual expression level of those candidate genes related to the D-borneol biosynthesis pathway, and the result showed that the expression patterns of the candidate genes related to D-borneol biosynthesis were basically consistent with those revealed by transcriptome analysis. Conclusions We used transcriptome sequencing to analyze three different chemotypes of C. burmannii, identifying three candidate structural genes (one DXS, two monoterpene synthases) and seven potential transcription factor candidates (one WRKY, two BHLH, one AP2/ERF and three MYB) involved in D-borneol biosynthesis. These results provide new insight into our understanding of the production and accumulation of D-borneol in C. burmannii.

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Section: Validation Of Degs Using Quantitative Real-time Pcr (Qrt-pcr)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mining of candidate genes involved in the biosynthesis of dextrorotatory borneol in Cinnamomum burmannii by transcriptomic analysis on three chemotypes

Yang

Liu

et al. 2020

PeerJ

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“…There is chemical polymorphism in C. camphora . According to the signature constituent in leaf, C. camphora was classified into at least five different chemical variants (chemotypes), including linalool- (58–92%), borneol- (67–82%), camphor- (54–97%), cineole- (32–52%), and nerolidol-types (16–57%) [ 4 , 5 ]. In recent years, C. camphora has become of increasing importance as a source of essential oils, especially for the production of natural borneol and linalool [ 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptome analysis and identification of genes related to terpenoid biosynthesis in Cinnamomum camphora

et al. 2018

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BackgroundCinnamomum camphora has been cultivated as an economically important tree for its medicinal and aromatic properties. Selective breeding has produced Cinnamomum plants for special uses, including spice strains with characteristic flavors and aromas and high-potency medicinal cultivars. The molecular biology underlying terpenoid biosynthesis is still unexplored.ResultsGas chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to analyze the differences in contents and compositions of essential oil terpenoids in linalool- and borneol-type chemotypes of C. camphora. The data revealed that the essential oils consist primarily of monoterpenes with only very minor quantities of sesquiterpenes and diterpenes and that the essential oil differs in different chemotypes of C. camphora, with higher yields of (−)-borneol from the borneol-type than from the linalool-type. To study the terpenoid biosynthesis of signature compounds of the major monoterpenes, we performed RNA sequencing to profile the leaf transcriptomes of the two chemotypes of C. camphora. A total of 23.76 Gb clean data was generated from two chemotypes and assembled into 156,184 unigenes. The total length, average length, N50 and GC content of unigenes were 155,645,929 bp, 997 bp, 1430 bp, and 46.5%, respectively. Among them, 76,421 unigenes were annotated by publicly available databases, of which 67 candidate unigenes were identified to be involved in terpenoid biosynthesis in C. camphora. A total of 2863 unigenes were identified to be differentially expression between borneol-type and linalool-type, including 1714 up-regulated and 1149 down-regulated unigenes. Most genes encoding proteins involved in terpenoid precursor MVA and MEP pathways were expressed in similar levels in both chemotypes of C. camphora. In addition, 10 and 17 DEGs were significantly enriched in the terpene synthase activity and oxidoreductase activity terms of their directed acyclic graphs (DAG), respectively. Three monoterpene synthase genes, TPS14-like1, TPS14-like2 and TPS14-like3 were up-regulated in the borneol-type compared to the linalool-type, and their expression levels were further verified using quantitative real-time PCR.ConclusionsThis study provides a global overview of gene expression patterns related to terpenoid biosynthesis in C. camphora, and could contribute to a better understanding of the differential accumulation of terpenoids in different C. camphora chemotypes.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-018-4941-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…Borneol is a cyclic monoterpene alcohol extracted from Cinnamomum camphora (L.) and other plants [ 54 ]. Silva-Filho et al [ 55 ] demonstrated that borneol promoted the relaxation of aortic rings that were pre-contracted with phenylephrine or KCl − in a concentration-dependent and endothelium-independent manner.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiovascular Activity of the Chemical Constituents of Essential Oils

et al. 2017

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Cardiovascular diseases are a leading cause of death in developed and developing countries and decrease the quality of life, which has enormous social and economic consequences for the population. Recent studies on essential oils have attracted attention and encouraged continued research of this group of natural products because of their effects on the cardiovascular system. The pharmacological data indicate a therapeutic potential for essential oils for use in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, this review reports the current studies of essential oils chemical constituents with cardiovascular activity, including a description of their mechanisms of action.

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Molecular differentiation of five Cinnamomum camphora chemotypes using desorption atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry of raw leaves

Cited by 33 publications

References 40 publications

Mining of candidate genes involved in the biosynthesis of dextrorotatory borneol in Cinnamomum burmannii by transcriptomic analysis on three chemotypes

Mining of candidate genes involved in the biosynthesis of dextrorotatory borneol in Cinnamomum burmannii by transcriptomic analysis on three chemotypes

Transcriptome analysis and identification of genes related to terpenoid biosynthesis in Cinnamomum camphora

Cardiovascular Activity of the Chemical Constituents of Essential Oils

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