Molten Salt Synthesis of Ceramic Powders

Kimura, Takeshi

doi:10.5772/20472

Cited by 92 publications

(119 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…In many cases, eutectic mixtures of salts are used to lower the liquid formation temperature. 563 Likewise to the case of the acid-base MCS of nanopowders, the salt matrix is eliminated after cooling by washing with water (Fig. 30f).…”

Section: Solid-molten Salt Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…[558][559][560] The role of the molten salts is: (1) to increase the reaction rate and lower the reaction temperature; (2) to control particle shapes; (3) to control particle sizes; (4) to increase the degree of homogeneity; (5) to control the agglomeration state. 563 Typical examples of salts used in molten salt synthesis are chlorides (NaCl) and sulphates (Na 2 SO 4 ). In many cases, eutectic mixtures of salts are used to lower the liquid formation temperature.…”

Section: Solid-molten Salt Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hallmarks of mechanochemistry: from nanoparticles to technology

et al. 2013

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The aim of this review article on recent developments of mechanochemistry (nowadays established as a part of chemistry) is to provide a comprehensive overview of advances achieved in the field of atomistic processes, phase transformations, simple and multicomponent nanosystems and peculiarities of mechanochemical reactions. Industrial aspects with successful penetration into fields like materials engineering, heterogeneous catalysis and extractive metallurgy are also reviewed. The hallmarks of mechanochemistry include influencing reactivity of solids by the presence of solid-state defects, interphases and relaxation phenomena, enabling processes to take place under non-equilibrium conditions, creating a well-crystallized core of nanoparticles with disordered near-surface shell regions and performing simple dry time-convenient one-step syntheses. Underlying these hallmarks are technological consequences like preparing new nanomaterials with the desired properties or producing these materials in a reproducible way with high yield and under simple and easy operating conditions. The last but not least hallmark is enabling work under environmentally friendly and essentially waste-free conditions (822 references).

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Section: Solid-molten Salt Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Solid-molten Salt Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hallmarks of mechanochemistry: from nanoparticles to technology

et al. 2013

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“…KCl or NaCl) and reactants are thoroughly mixed and heated to the melting point of salt where the molten salt acts as a solvent. 17 Since the reactants are encapsulated by the molten slat, it is expected to isolate the reactants from the atmosphere effectively without using a quarts tube. Another advantage of molten salt synthesis is that particle size of products can be controlled by changing the amount of salt.…”

Section: +mentioning

confidence: 99%

Size-controlled Chevrel Mo₆S₈as Cathode Material for Mg Rechargeable Battery

Ryu¹,

Park²,

Cho³

et al. 2013

Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society

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Nanoscale Chevrel Mo6S8 powders are synthesized by molten salt synthesis. Synthesized Mo6S8 powders have different mean particle sizes which are dependent on a ratio of salt to precursor. The particle sizes of Mo6S8 powders changes along with the ratio increase. Mo6S8 (6:1) demonstrates the best electrochemical characteristics among the synthesized Mo6S8 powders although the Mo6S8 (4:1) has the smallest particle size. Mo6S8 (6:1) shows a reversible capacity of 83.9 mAhg −1 , which is 27.5% and 33% improved value over Mo6S8 (2:1) and Mo6S8 (4:1) at a current density of 0.2C, respectively. The superior electrochemical properties of Mo6S8 (6:1) are attributed to the balanced particle size which provides proper contact area with electrolyte and the shortened Mg 2+ diffusion length. The Mo6S8 (4:1) has the smallest particle size but further reduction of particle size from Mo6S8 (6:1) is not advantageous.

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“…The molten salt acts as a diffusion-enhancing medium. Phase formation occurs by one of two mechanisms-solution-precipitation or solution-diffusion-depending on the relative solubility of the reactant species [27]. Grain growth by the Ostwald ripening of crystallites is controlled by two-dimensional (2D) nucleation and growth along a crystallographic vector through the generation of ledges on the propagating edge [27,30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Phase formation occurs by one of two mechanisms-solution-precipitation or solution-diffusion-depending on the relative solubility of the reactant species [27]. Grain growth by the Ostwald ripening of crystallites is controlled by two-dimensional (2D) nucleation and growth along a crystallographic vector through the generation of ledges on the propagating edge [27,30]. MSS has been used since the 1970s to synthesize binary and complex oxides using a variety of salt systems [24][25][26][27], but it is receiving renewed attention in the production of borides, carbides, silicides, and nanomaterials with high crystallinity [28,29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quasi-Equilibrium, Multifoil Platelets of Copper- and Titanium-Substituted Bismuth Vanadate, Bi2V0.9(Cu0.1−xTix)O5.5−δ, by Molten Salt Synthesis

Ring

Fuierer

2018

Crystals

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10% copper-substituted (BiCUVOX/Bi 2 V 0.9 Cu 0.1 O 5.5−δ ) and 5% copper/titanium double-substituted bismuth vanadate (BiCUTIVOX/Bi 2 V 0.9 (Cu 0.05 Ti 0.05 )O 5.5−δ ) platelets were formed by molten salt synthesis (MSS) using a eutectic KCl/NaCl salt mixture. The product was phase-pure within the limits of X-ray diffraction. The size and form of the platelets could be controlled by changing the heating temperature and time. The crystallite growth rate at a synthesis temperature of 650 • C and the activation energy for grain growth were determined for BICUTIVOX, which experienced inhibited growth compared to BICUVOX. Quasi-equilibrium, multifoil shapes consisting of lobes around the perimeter of the platelets were observed and explained in the context of relative two-dimensional nucleation and edge growth rates.

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Molten Salt Synthesis of Ceramic Powders

Cited by 92 publications

References 56 publications

Hallmarks of mechanochemistry: from nanoparticles to technology

Hallmarks of mechanochemistry: from nanoparticles to technology

Size-controlled Chevrel Mo₆S₈as Cathode Material for Mg Rechargeable Battery

Quasi-Equilibrium, Multifoil Platelets of Copper- and Titanium-Substituted Bismuth Vanadate, Bi2V0.9(Cu0.1−xTix)O5.5−δ, by Molten Salt Synthesis

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Molten Salt Synthesis of Ceramic Powders

Cited by 92 publications

References 56 publications

Hallmarks of mechanochemistry: from nanoparticles to technology

Hallmarks of mechanochemistry: from nanoparticles to technology

Size-controlled Chevrel Mo6S8as Cathode Material for Mg Rechargeable Battery

Quasi-Equilibrium, Multifoil Platelets of Copper- and Titanium-Substituted Bismuth Vanadate, Bi2V0.9(Cu0.1−xTix)O5.5−δ, by Molten Salt Synthesis

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Size-controlled Chevrel Mo₆S₈as Cathode Material for Mg Rechargeable Battery