Monitoring ectomycorrhizal fungi at large scales for science, forest management, fungal conservation and environmental policy

Suz, Laura M.; Barsoum, Nadia; Benham, Sue; Cheffings, Chris; Cox, Filipa; Hackett, Louise; Jones, Alan G.; Mueller, Gregory M.; Orme, David; Seidling, Walter; Linde, Sietse van der; Bidartondo, Martin I.

doi:10.1007/s13595-014-0447-4

Cited by 28 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Other studies have shown that inorganic N addition may promote both tree root colonization and sporocarp production of Lactarius spp. (Strengbom et al 2001;Hasselquist and Högberg 2014;Suz et al 2015) and our result corroborate L. rufus' capacity to proliferate under circumstances of elevated N supply, although only when N was supplied in an organic form.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Interplay between N-form and N-dose influences ecosystem effects of N addition to boreal forest

et al. 2017

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Aims Nitrogen (N) addition effects on boreal forest ecosystem are influenced by an interplay between Nform and N-dose. We hypothesize that trees take up organic N more efficiently than inorganic N and that unwanted side-effects of organic N are smaller. We predicted that 1) the tree growth response to arginine (ARG) addition is larger than to ammonium-nitrate (AN) and, 2) understory vegetation and ectomycorrhizal (EcM) changes following ARG addition are smaller than following AN addition.Methods We investigated the effects of AN and ARG addition (50 and 150 kg N ha) during five years on tree growth, understory vegetation and EcM fungi in a Pinus sylvestris L. forest (c 50 years old) in northern Sweden. Results N addition increased tree growth and changed understory vegetation composition with few significant differences between AN and ARG. Differences in responses mainly occurred for the bryophyte Pleurozium schreberi which decreased more from ARG, and for EcM sporocarps, which sharply declined from AN, but not from ARG. Conclusions We found very few differences in responses between AN and ARG addition with the exception of EcM and bryophytes. These species groups have several key functions in boreal forests and the differences in responses merits further investigations.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Interplay between N-form and N-dose influences ecosystem effects of N addition to boreal forest

et al. 2017

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“…However, decades of fire suppression coupled to earlier spring snowmelt (Westerling et al, 2006) have changed the fire regime in some forest types from frequent, low-intensity events that cause little canopy death, to infrequent, large conflagrations termed 'mega-fires' that kill most of the trees (Stephens et al, 2014). Forest recovery in these radically altered post-fire environments may be constrained by distance to seed sources, extremes in microclimate and the absence of a mycorrhizal network (Stephens et al, 2014;Suz et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ectomycorrhizal fungal spore bank recovery after a severe forest fire: some like it hot

et al. 2015

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After severe wildfires, pine recovery depends on ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungal spores surviving and serving as partners for regenerating forest trees. We took advantage of a large, severe natural forest fire that burned our long-term study plots to test the response of ECM fungi to fire. We sampled the ECM spore bank using pine seedling bioassays and high-throughput sequencing before and after the California Rim Fire. We found that ECM spore bank fungi survived the fire and dominated the colonization of in situ and bioassay seedlings, but there were specific fire adapted fungi such as Rhizopogon olivaceotinctus that increased in abundance after the fire. The frequency of ECM fungal species colonizing pre-fire bioassay seedlings, post-fire bioassay seedlings and in situ seedlings were strongly positively correlated. However, fire reduced the ECM spore bank richness by eliminating some of the rare species, and the density of the spore bank was reduced as evidenced by a larger number of soil samples that yielded uncolonized seedlings. Our results show that although there is a reduction in ECM inoculum, the ECM spore bank community largely remains intact, even after a high-intensity fire. We used advanced techniques for data quality control with Illumina and found consistent results among varying methods. Furthermore, simple greenhouse bioassays can be used to determine which fungi will colonize after fires. Similar to plant seed banks, a specific suite of ruderal, spore bank fungi take advantage of open niche space after fires.

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“…Suz et al (2015) described a research program focused on ECM fungi using the European forest monitoring network. In the eastern United States, shifts in ECM and AM trees at the landscape scale as a function of climate change, nitrogen deposition and increased atmospheric CO 2 were recently documented using United States Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) data (Phillips et al, 2013;Lankau et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping the potential mycorrhizal associations of the conterminous United States of America

et al. 2016

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a b s t r a c tMycorrhizal associations are recognized as key symbioses in a changing world, yet our understanding of their geographic distribution and temporal dynamics remains limited. We combined data on mycorrhizal associations and historical dominant vegetation to map the pre-European Settlement mycorrhizal associations of the conterminous United States of America (USA). As a demonstration of the map's utility, we estimated changes in mycorrhizal associations due to urbanization, agriculture and the establishment of non-native species in two regions. We found that the conterminous USA was dominated by vegetation associated with arbuscular mycorrhizas, but that~40% of vegetation types included multiple mycorrhizal associations. Shifting land use to agriculture and the introduction of non-native species has disproportionately affected ectomycorrhizas, as did urbanization. These preliminary results set a baseline for mycorrhizal biogeography of the USA and illustrate how synthesis of available data can help us understand the impact of anthropogenic changes on an important mutualism.

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Monitoring ectomycorrhizal fungi at large scales for science, forest management, fungal conservation and environmental policy

Cited by 28 publications

References 56 publications

Interplay between N-form and N-dose influences ecosystem effects of N addition to boreal forest

Interplay between N-form and N-dose influences ecosystem effects of N addition to boreal forest

Ectomycorrhizal fungal spore bank recovery after a severe forest fire: some like it hot

Mapping the potential mycorrhizal associations of the conterminous United States of America

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