Monkeypox: a new differential diagnosis when addressing genital ulcer disease

Griffiths‐Acha, Joseph; Vela-Ganuza, Miguel; Sarró-Fuente, Claudia; López‐Estebaranz, José Luis

doi:10.1111/bjd.21834

Cited by 11 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 4 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…122 And genital rashes were observed in many cases, which was also recently proven in another studies. [264][265][266][267][268][269][270] Other recent reports describe similar clinical characteristics. 180,271,272 Patel and colleagues 272 demonstrated that all 197 monkeypox infection cases developed mucocutaneous lesions, typically in the genitals (111 of 197 patients) or the perianal areas, causing rectal pain and penile edema.…”

Section: Clinical Characteristicssupporting

confidence: 61%

Monkeypox: epidemiology, pathogenesis, treatment and prevention

Huang

Wang

2022

Sig Transduct Target Ther

165

120

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Monkeypox is a zoonotic disease that was once endemic in west and central Africa caused by monkeypox virus. However, cases recently have been confirmed in many nonendemic countries outside of Africa. WHO declared the ongoing monkeypox outbreak to be a public health emergency of international concern on July 23, 2022, in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The rapidly increasing number of confirmed cases could pose a threat to the international community. Here, we review the epidemiology of monkeypox, monkeypox virus reservoirs, novel transmission patterns, mutations and mechanisms of viral infection, clinical characteristics, laboratory diagnosis and treatment measures. In addition, strategies for the prevention, such as vaccination of smallpox vaccine, is also included. Current epidemiological data indicate that high frequency of human-to-human transmission could lead to further outbreaks, especially among men who have sex with men. The development of antiviral drugs and vaccines against monkeypox virus is urgently needed, despite some therapeutic effects of currently used drugs in the clinic. We provide useful information to improve the understanding of monkeypox virus and give guidance for the government and relative agency to prevent and control the further spread of monkeypox virus.

show abstract

Section: Clinical Characteristicssupporting

confidence: 61%

Monkeypox: epidemiology, pathogenesis, treatment and prevention

Huang

Wang

2022

Sig Transduct Target Ther

165

120

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The public, healthcare professionals, and government should be vigilant and promote preventive measures and appropriate diagnostic testing. By including mpox in the differential diagnosis of (1) papulovesicular or vesiculopustular lesions and (2) genital lesions/ulcers, dermatologists may play an essential role in the timely diagnosis and treatment of new cases, thereby preventing the spread of the disease [7,23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, 67% experienced fatigue, 57% reported fever, and 18% did not present with any prodromal symptoms [22]. In some instances, the genital ulcers were painless with bilateral inguinal lymphadenopathy, mimicking primary syphilis [23].…”

Section: Anogenital Skin Lesions Are a Dominant Symptom In The 2022 O...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Diagnosis, Prevention, and Treatment of mpox (Monkeypox): A Review for Dermatologists

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The current 2022 mpox (monkeypox) outbreak has been officially recognized as a public health emergency. The mpox clinical symptoms include high fever, fatigue, chills, headache, swollen lymph nodes, muscle aches, and a disseminated painful rash. However, recent cases of mpox have shown a shift in clinical symptoms, with anogenital skin lesions emerging as the predominant feature. Due to the predominant skin manifestations of mpox, dermatologists could be crucial in detecting new mpox cases and educating frontline healthcare professionals about mpox. The mpox virus is continuously evolving and has several variants. Genome sequencing has revealed that the Clade IIb variant is responsible for the 2022 mpox outbreak. Mpox spread may occur through animal-to-human and human-to-human transmission; however, unlike coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), long-range airborne transmission has not been reported. Healthcare professionals are at higher risk of becoming infected since they are usually in close contact with both the patients and potentially contaminated fomites (e.g., examination table, gowns, gloves). Both public and healthcare professionals should take preventive and avoidance measures to limit the spread. Mpox is usually self-limiting and may require only symptomatic treatment; however, it may cause severe complications in special populations such as immunocompromised individuals. For severe infection, clinicians may consider antiviral drugs (off-label), tecovirimat and brincidofovir, originally approved for smallpox treatment. Two smallpox vaccines, ACAM2000 ® and JYNNEOS TM , can be used as pre-exposure prophylaxis against mpox. JYNNEOS TM , which carries approval for mpox use, has less adverse effect potential than ACAM2000 ® , and may also be used as post-exposure prophylaxis, preferably within 4 days of exposure. Key PointsGenital skin lesions are a dominant symptom in the recently reported mpox cases.Dermatologists and healthcare professionals should be more cautious and take certain preventive measures since they are usually in close contact with patients infected with the mpox virus.Clinicians usually recommend symptomatic treatment for mpox patients; however, tecovirimat and brincidofovir, two smallpox drugs, can be recommended off-label for severe mpox infections.

show abstract

“…Clinical symptoms in each of these cases ( Figure 5 ) vary, but fever, weight loss, nasal discharge, coughing, respiratory involvement, and mouth ulcers may establish [ 2 , 47 , 54 ]. MSM have been reported to represent the majority of cases in the current outbreak, often resulting in genital lesions or a vesicular–pustular rash [ 40 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 ]. The fact that the perineum and vaginal area are commonly affected by the rash suggests that sexual contact may have been the cause of the condition.…”

Section: Symptomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Manifestation, Transmission, Pathogenesis, and Diagnosis of Monkeypox Virus: A Comprehensive Review

Anwar

Haider

Khan

et al. 2023

Life

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Monkeypox virus is a double-stranded DNA virus species that causes disease in humans and mammals. It is a zoonotic virus belongs the genus Orthopoxviral, the family of Poxviridae, associated with the smallpox virus in many aspects. The first human case of monkeypox was reported throughout the Democratic Republic of Congo in 1970. In April 2022, several cases were recorded in widespread regions of Africa, the Northern and western hemispheres. The current review spotlights taxonomic classification, clinical presentations during infection, and the pathogenicity of the monkeypox virus in humans. Furthermore, the current review also highlights different diagnostics used for virus detection.

show abstract

Monkeypox: a new differential diagnosis when addressing genital ulcer disease

Abstract: We describe a case of genital ulcer and inguinal adenopathies that were attributable to monkeypox virus infection. We suggest clinicians adopt a low threshold for suspicion, particularly when evaluating genital ulcer disease.

Cited by 11 publications

References 4 publications

Monkeypox: epidemiology, pathogenesis, treatment and prevention

Monkeypox: epidemiology, pathogenesis, treatment and prevention

Differential Diagnosis, Prevention, and Treatment of mpox (Monkeypox): A Review for Dermatologists

Clinical Manifestation, Transmission, Pathogenesis, and Diagnosis of Monkeypox Virus: A Comprehensive Review

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About