Monkeypox Vaccination in the Republic of Korea: Identifying the High-Risk Target Group

Kwon, Seunghyun Lewis; Ban, Seon-Hwa; Shin, Jeeyeon; Bae, Hyuna; Park, Heeyoun; Kwon, Geun-Yong

doi:10.3346/jkms.2022.37.e239

Cited by 20 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Second generation vaccinations are provided by the National Medical Center while third-generation vaccines are provided by the 17 designated public health centers. Adverse event surveillance will be conducted on Day 3 and 7, and national compensation will be provided based on causalities in the case of adverse events [19].…”

Section: ) Vaccination Promotion System and Securing Vaccines And Tre...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Establishment of the Monkeypox Response System and the Result of the Initial Response - Secondary Publication

Lee

Park

Lee

2022

Public Health Weekly Report

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Monkeypox is an endemic disease mainly occurring in some countries in Central and West Africa, but unusual outbreaks have been observed since May 2022 in many countries across Europe and North America. From January 1 to August 11, 2022, a total of 32,760 confirmed cases (12 deaths) were reported in 91 countries and the World Health Organization declared a public health emergency of international concern on July 23, as the cumulative number of confirmed cases is rapidly increasing and there are concerns about the disease spreading globally. The Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency has been closely monitoring the status of overseas cases and conducting risk assessment to prepare a response system for possible domestic outbreaks before the first case in the Republic of Korea was reported. The first expert advisory meeting was held on May 23, followed by a domestic risk assessment on May 24, consultation with the Infectious Disease Crisis Management Expert Committee on May 30, and a Risk Assessment Meeting on May 31; a crisis alert level of 'interest' was issued and the monkeypox countermeasure team commenced operation. In addition, on June 8, a legal basis for responding to infectious diseases was prepared by revising the notification that designated it as Class 2 legal infectious disease and quarantinable infectious disease. Preemptive management through the announcement of an emerging infectious disease syndrome was initiated prior to the revision of the notification to prepare countermeasures for the infectious disease, including reporting suspected cases, assigning diagnostic criteria, designating of institutions for treatment, conducting epidemiological investigations, and instituting quarantine measures. Further, pre-training was performed on response guidelines for local governments, related departments, and medical institutions. For early detection of monkeypox and prevention of its spread in regional communities, information brochures were distributed for healthcare professionals and travelers from affected countries in order to raise awareness of suspected symptoms and prevention measures while strengthening quarantine measures for incoming travelers and encouraging medical institutions to report any potential cases as a part of domestic monitoring. Following the report of the first domestic patient on June 22, the crisis alert was raised to 'caution' and the Committee was upgraded to a Central Quarantine Countermeasure Headquarters. As of June 27, 'Regional Quarantine Countermeasure Teams' were installed in cities and provinces across the country to cooperate with the central government. Among the cases reported until August 8, 18 were identified as potential cases and were tested; to date, there are no additional cases exclude one confirmed case. This report aims to provide reference information for facing emerging infectious diseases by introducing the process of establishing a domestic response system and reporting the actual response outcome for an emerging infectious disease that had never occ...

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Section: ) Vaccination Promotion System and Securing Vaccines And Tre...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Establishment of the Monkeypox Response System and the Result of the Initial Response - Secondary Publication

Lee

Park

Lee

2022

Public Health Weekly Report

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“…Although there is no dedicated vaccination against monkeypox available right now, prior immunization with the smallpox vaccine has been considered to show both protective effects against the monkeypox virus as well as an improvement in terms of clinical manifestations of the infection. Two vaccines against smallpox: JYNNEOS (IMVANEX in the European Union, replication-deficient live virus vaccine) and ACAM2000 (live replicating vaccine) are used against monkeypox and have shown 85% effectiveness in terms of providing cross-immunity [34]. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in the United States of America, mass vaccination against monkeypox is not recommended [26], however, it is advised to implement prophylaxis in the high-risk group, which, based on exposure type is divided into pre-and post-exposure [34].…”

Section: Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two vaccines against smallpox: JYNNEOS (IMVANEX in the European Union, replication-deficient live virus vaccine) and ACAM2000 (live replicating vaccine) are used against monkeypox and have shown 85% effectiveness in terms of providing cross-immunity [34]. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in the United States of America, mass vaccination against monkeypox is not recommended [26], however, it is advised to implement prophylaxis in the high-risk group, which, based on exposure type is divided into pre-and post-exposure [34].…”

Section: Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monkeypox in humans – the review

Warchoł

Adam

Kamila

et al. 2022

J Educ Health Sport

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Monkeypox is an emerging zoonotic disease caused by the monkeypox virus with a presentation similar to smallpox. Being previously endemic to Africa, now the disease is spreading across the world, causing fear of a potential next pandemic. Smallpox vaccine, previously providing cross-immunity to monkeypox virus, due to cessation of vaccinations, caused the decline in immunity against these viruses. Defined ways of transmission are animal-to-human through consumption or attack by an affected animal, human-to-human through close contact, or via respiratory droplets. Currently, there are no specific antiviral drugs and vaccine specific to monkeypox, and for symptomatic care, there are no determined guidelines.

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“…As a result, determining the appropriate target population for accessible vaccinations based on risk and benefit analysis is a critical challenge for the immunization program. Furthermore, the target population should be assessed from the perspective of the jurisdiction's epidemiological status, as well as the most recent findings on the monkeypox virus's transmission dynamics, severity, and mortality [ 7 ].…”

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confidence: 99%