Monoclonal antibodies to lipopolysaccharide of four oral bacteria associated with periodontal disease

Shelburne, Charles E.; Sandberg, Gregory P.; Binsfeld, Christine A.; Wolff, Larry F.; Curry, Russell A.

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1993.tb01043.x

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…It allows one to synthesize vast numbers of copies of minute samples of DNA, in theory even as small as one single bacterium, in order to facilitate further analysis. A modification of the original PCR technology, “real‐time” PCR, permits not only detection of specific microorganisms in plaque, but also its quantification (3, 13, 64). PCR assays, when used in combination with synthesized 16S rRNA probes that are highly specific to individual species, enable the detection of virtually any microorganism in a plaque sample (11, 89).…”

Section: Microbiological Tests For Plaque Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiological diagnostic testing in the treatment of periodontal diseases

Loomer¹

2004

Periodontology 2000

115

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A variety of microbiological diagnostic tests are available for clinicians to use for evaluation of patients with periodontal disease. Each one has its own unique set of advantages and disadvantages, and probably the most useful information for the clinician can be obtained using a combination of the various analytic methods. The tests appear to have their greatest utility when used on patients with chronic or aggressive periodontitis who do not respond favorable to conventional mechanical therapy. The major limitation of all microbiological tests is that the information obtained is relevant to the site sampled, and may not be representative of the microflora of the entire dentition. However, since it is often only specific sites that do not respond to initial therapy, knowing the constituents of the microflora that populate these sites is clinically relevant.

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Section: Microbiological Tests For Plaque Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiological diagnostic testing in the treatment of periodontal diseases

Loomer¹

2004

Periodontology 2000

115

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“…P. gingivalis (ATCC 33277) and F. nucleatum (ATCC 25586) were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (31), and E. coli D5␣ was obtained from Invitrogen (Carlsbad, Calif.). The bacteria were maintained by weekly transfer in an anaerobe chamber (Coy Manufacturing, Grass Lake, Mich.) at 37°C on PRAS Brucella agar plates (Anaerobe Systems, Morgan Hill, Calif.) in a 5% hydrogen-10% carbon dioxide-85% nitrogen atmosphere.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Induction of β-Defensin Resistance in the Oral AnaerobePorphyromonas gingivalis

Shelburne

Coulter

Olguin

et al. 2005

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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Induction of resistance of oral anaerobes to the effects of human ␤-defensin 1 (h␤D-1) to h␤D-4 was investigated by pretreating cells with either sublethal levels of defensins or environmental factors, followed by a challenge with lethal levels of defensins. Cultures of Porphyromonas gingivalis were (i) pretreated with defensins at 1 ng/ml, (ii) heated to 42°C (heat stress), (iii) exposed to normal atmosphere (oxidative stress), or (iv) exposed to 1 mM hydrogen peroxide (peroxide stress). Samples (10 l) were distributed among the wells of sterile 384-well plates containing h␤D-1 to -4 (100 g/ml). Plates were incubated at 37°C for 36 h in an anaerobe chamber. Growth inhibition was determined by a system that measures the total nucleic acid of a sample with a DNA binding dye. The MICs of the four defensins for P. gingivalis were 3 to 12 g/ml. We found that sublethal levels of the defensins and heat and peroxide stress, but not oxidative stress, induced resistance to 100 g of defensin per ml in P. gingivalis. Resistance induced by sublethal levels of h␤D-2 lasted 90 min, and the resistance induced by each defensin was effective against the other three. Multiple strains exposed to h␤D-2 all evidenced resistance induction. Defensin resistance is vital to the pathogenic potential of several human pathogens. This is the first report describing the induction of defensin resistance in the oral periodontal pathogen P. gingivalis. Such resistance may have an effect on the ability of oral pathogens to persist in the mouth and to withstand innate human immunity.

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“…PCFIA was shown as a rapid immunoassay for the determination of antibody activities against whole pathogenic bacteria (Blore et al, 1991;Shelburne et al, 1993). The use of LPS instead of whole bacteria for the detection of antigen binding activity has been suggested (Shelburne et al, 1993. PCFIA can be used as a rapid immunoassay for the determination of the content of useful antibodies in cow's milk from dairy farms.…”

Section: Comparison Of Antibody Activity Of Bovine and Human Milk Agamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The presence in milk from non-immunized cows of significant antibody reactive to LPS of major human pathogenic bacteria suggests that immunization for the general purpose of prophylaxis may not be necessary, unless specific therapeutic effects are required. PCFIA was shown as a rapid immunoassay for the determination of antibody activities against whole pathogenic bacteria (Blore et al, 1991;Shelburne et al, 1993). The use of LPS instead of whole bacteria for the detection of antigen binding activity has been suggested (Shelburne et al, 1993.…”

Section: Comparison Of Antibody Activity Of Bovine and Human Milk Agamentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of antibody specificity of raw bovine and human milk to bacterial lipopolysaccharides using PCFIA

Losso

Dhar

Kummer

et al. 1993

Food and Agricultural Immunology

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Raw milk from non-immunized cows and raw human milk from lactating mothers were examined for specificity and antibody activity against lipopolysaccharides (LPS) of five pathogenic bacteria, i.e. Escherichia coli O111:B4, E. coli O128:B12, Salmonella enteritidis, S. typhimurium and Shigella flexneri 1A in a particle concentration fluorescence immunoassay (PCFIA). Bacterial LPS was covalently coated on submicron polystyrene particles and used in an antibody sandwich technique with commercially available rabbit anti-bovine fluorescein-labeled IgG or goat anti-human fluorescein-labeled IgA. Comparison was made to a skim milk sample obtained from vaccinated cows. In general, specific activity of milk IgG against bacterial LPS did not parallel the trend of total non-specific activity. Although the specific anti-LPS activities were in general high in milk from vaccinated cows, milk from non-immunized cows also showed significant activity against the bacterial LPS, sometimes higher than the vaccinated cows. IgA in human milk samples showed a wider range of antibody activity against the LPS fractions than bovine milk samples. The specificity of antibody from milk obtained from non-immunized cows against pathogenic bacteria demonstrated that immunization of cows in order to obtain milk with high titer antibody may not be necessary as milk from non-immunized cows can provide IgG with sufficient antibody activity against the LPS of bacterial pathogens. This can translate into significant savings and reduce stress imposed on animals for immunization.

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Monoclonal antibodies to lipopolysaccharide of four oral bacteria associated with periodontal disease

Cited by 18 publications

References 29 publications

Microbiological diagnostic testing in the treatment of periodontal diseases

Microbiological diagnostic testing in the treatment of periodontal diseases

Induction of β-Defensin Resistance in the Oral AnaerobePorphyromonas gingivalis

Detection of antibody specificity of raw bovine and human milk to bacterial lipopolysaccharides using PCFIA

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