Monosodium Glutamate Exposure at Early Developmental Stage Increases Apoptosis and Stereotypic Behavior Risks on Zebrafish (Danio Rerio) Larvae

Kurnianingsih, Nia

doi:10.14499/indonesianjpharm27iss3pp128

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(43 reference statements)

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“…At 30 to 50 mM embryos had a lower heart rates and presented the afore mentioned deformities, but with mortality within 96 to 144 hpf; development ceased completely at 75 to 100 mM concentration. The NOEC and LC50% were recorded at 5 and 29.4 mM dose, respectively.Neurotoxicity has also been tested on flavor enhancers, such as monosodium glutamate, concluding that exposure at early embryonic stage increased brain cell damage and risk of behavior changes(Kurnianingsih et al 2016). Sweeteners such as aspartame and saccharin have been tested using the zebrafish model.…”

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confidence: 99%

“Zebrafish as an animal model for food safety research: trends in the animal research”

et al. 2019

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Toxicity studies in mammals continue to be the most appropriate model for predicting risk in humans, but they tend to be expensive and time-consuming. In the aftermath of the genetic sequencing of zebrafish (Danio rerio), that species showed to be highly genetically homologous to humans. The use of the zebrafish model to assess food toxicity is already a reality as it is capable of biological processes difficult to reproduce in vitro. Studies of complex mechanisms of absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion as well as cellular and tissue interactions are of great information value resulting in time, space and cost savings, when compared to studies with rodents. This review addresses the relevance of zebrafish model in food safety research, both in the use of ingredients and innocuous food additives as well as for establishing levels of safe food contaminant residues present in the environment. Toxicological screening using the zebrafish model integrate the evaluation of teratogenicity, cardiotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, genotoxicity, neurotoxicity, endocrinetoxicity, reproductive and behavioral aspects. These are important endpoints for food safety assessment, which take substantially less time than in mammalian tests. Furthermore, it serves well as a screening test follow-up for validating favorable results in murine models, hence accelerating the risk assessment process of products submitted for approval and registration, prioritizing safe compounds and reducing unnecessary costs in subsequent mammalian studies. In conclusion, zebrafish model can be a useful tool for food safety tests, however, additional studies are needed to further validate this model for registration of new food ingredients and additives.

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confidence: 99%

“Zebrafish as an animal model for food safety research: trends in the animal research”

et al. 2019

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“…Histopathological study of the brain of zebrafish from 10 ppm, 100 ppm, and 1000 ppm MSG group have showed no lesions different from the control group. In contrast, from the previous study found that MSG can cause apoptosis of brain cells of zebrafish larvae (Kurnianingsih et al, 2016) and increased cell hypertrophy and tissue edema in the region of the nucleus lateralis tuberis near pituitary gland area after 24-hours post injected MSG into the adult goldfish brain (Peter et al, 1980).…”

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confidence: 64%

“…The median lethal concentration (LC50) of zebrafish embryo at 48 hpf is 1.525%w/v and at 96 hpf is 1.039%w/v (Ponpornpisit and Suthamnatpong, 2016). The neuronal effect of MSG was induced brain cell apoptosis at 1-day postfertilization of zebrafish embryo exposed to 10 µg/mL MSG for 24 -72 hours which was associated with behavioral changes in decreased locomotor activities (Kurnianingsih et al, 2016).…”

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confidence: 99%

The effect of monosodium glutamate on brain, liver, kidney, testis, ovary, fertilization and hatching rate in zebrafish (danio rerio)

Sajjaviriya

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Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is composed of sodium salt and amino acids that is commonly used to enhance food taste. Although it is safe at consumption level, the adverse effect of MSG had been reported. The present research was intended to evaluate the effect of MSG on the brain, liver, kidney, testes, and ovaries of zebrafish (Danio rerio) which were exposed from embryo stage to adult stage, along with the analyzing of the fertilization rate and hatching rate of zebrafish embryos. From the observation of histopathological changing of different organs of zebrafish after exposed to 10, 100, and 1000 ppm MSG for 60 days compared with control group (zebrafish in each group were mating before sacrificed for study the histopathology. In the next day embryos of zebrafish were collected and analyzed for the numbers, survival rate and hatching rate). The results indicated that liver and kidney in MSG exposed group had significantly higher lesion score (p-value <0.05) compared to the control group. Generalized swelling of hepatocytes and blood congestion in the liver as well as the congestion and decreasing number of distal tubule in the kidney from all of the MSG exposed groups had been found. The severity of the lesions from 1000 ppm MSG exposure group was the highest following by the group of 100 and 10 ppm.� However, no detectable lesions in the brain tissue, testes, and ovaries of every group were found. Zebrafish from the 1000 ppm MSG exposed group did not spawn after placing in the mating tank, while in 100 ppm MSG group was lower in the number of embryos than 10 ppm MSG and control group. The survival of fertilized embryos was observed every 24 hours for 120 hours. The result of survival rate in 100 ppm MSG group was significantly lower than the control group. All of zebrafish embryos that can be developed until 96 hours post fertilization were hatching completely. In summary, this study revealed that zebrafish exposed to MSG for 60 days showed liver and kidney lesions and reduced the reproductive performance.

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Gender-Specific Differences of Oxidative Processes in the Population of Circulating Neutrophils of Rats in a Setting of Prolonged Administration of Monosodium Glutamate

Krynytska

Rutska

2019

Romanian Journal of Diabetes Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases

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Background and aims:Monosodium salt of glutamic acid (MSG) is one of the most common food additives. The aim of study was to assess, in gender-specific terms, how prolonged administration of MSG effects on reactive oxygen and nitrogen species formation and the apoptotic/necrotic processes in the population of rats circulating neutrophils. Material and methods: Experimental studies were conducted on 32 mature white rats. MSG was administered intragastrical at a dose of 30 mg/kg body weight for 30 days. The analysis of cell samples to determine neutrophils with overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and signs of apoptosis\necrosis was evaluated with flow laser cytometry method. The total nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity was determined by monitoring the rate of conversion of L-arginine into citrulline. The total quantity of NO metabolites was assessed by evaluating of nitrite and nitrate ions. Results: We found a significant increase in generation of ROS, intensification of nitroxydergic processes, an increase in the percentage of apoptotic neutrophils and no changes in the percentage of necrotic neutrophils. Conclusions: We observed activation of oxidative and nitroxydergic processes in rats with prolonged administration of MSG, which initiate apoptosis. In gender-specific terms, a more pronounced changes were seen in male rats. key words: monosodium glutamate, reactive oxygen species, nitric oxide, NO-synthase; apoptosis.

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Monosodium Glutamate Exposure at Early Developmental Stage Increases Apoptosis and Stereotypic Behavior Risks on Zebrafish (Danio Rerio) Larvae

Cited by 4 publications

References 41 publications

“Zebrafish as an animal model for food safety research: trends in the animal research”

“Zebrafish as an animal model for food safety research: trends in the animal research”

The effect of monosodium glutamate on brain, liver, kidney, testis, ovary, fertilization and hatching rate in zebrafish (danio rerio)

Gender-Specific Differences of Oxidative Processes in the Population of Circulating Neutrophils of Rats in a Setting of Prolonged Administration of Monosodium Glutamate

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