Morbimortalidad producida por enfermedad diarreica

Abstract

Diarrheal diseases constitute a public health problem in the world. In support of this, the United Nations Fund Report (UNICEF, 2017) is described, entitled: "more than 3.5 million children and people die each year as a result of diarrhea". Understand with this that, acute diarrhea is a major public health problem. It is also estimated that 70% of diarrhea originates from the ingestion of food contaminated with microbes and their toxins, in sufficient quantities to affect the health of the consumer, which is why they are recognized as foodborne diseases, which is generally due to the influence of certain risk factors, among which malnutrition by default, environmental factors, cellular immunodeficiency, early weaning and others stand out. Said in this way, diarrhea means an imminent public health problem; it has been recognized worldwide, highlighting that: its factors include: geographical, social, cultural and public services conditions; which has led to it being one of the most frequent consultations in the outpatient services, emergency and general practitioners and pediatricians' offices. Therefore, diarrhea is a gastrointestinal disease that manifests with bowel movements, three or more times a day of loose or liquid stools. Frequent stool deposition (of solid consistency) is not diarrhea, nor is stool deposition of loose and "pasty" consistency by breastfed babies. This pathology is usually a symptom of a digestive tract infection, which may be caused by various bacterial, viral and parasitic organisms; hence it is transmitted, through contaminated food or drinking water, or from one person to another as a result of poor hygiene.

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“…Los niños pequeños, Express Díaz Mora et al (2014), son particularmente susceptibles a la diarrea aguda. Desde el punto de vista epidemiológico, un episodio de diarrea se define como la aparición de tres o más deposiciones sueltas o blandas inusuales en un período de 24 horas (Ponce Rodríguez et al, 2019).…”