More Human-Likeness, More Trust?

Kulms, Philipp; Kopp, Stefan

doi:10.1145/3340764.3340793

Cited by 42 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Accordingly, study results support a positive relationship between anthropomorphic design cues, e.g., humanlike appearance or voice of robots (Hancock et al, 2011;van Pinxteren et al, 2019) as well as agents, in general, and trust in such (e.g., Pak et al, 2012;de Visser et al, 2016de Visser et al, , 2017. Furthermore, Kulms and Kopp (2019) explored the role of anthropomorphism and advice quality, a sort of robot competence, in trust within a cooperative human-agent setting. Results support a positive effect of anthropomorphism on selfreported trust, but also imply that competence might be essential for behavioral trust.…”

Section: Transferability Of Determinants Of Trust Development In Interpersonal Interaction To Hrisupporting

confidence: 53%

“…Results support a positive effect of anthropomorphism on selfreported trust, but also imply that competence might be essential for behavioral trust. Overall, anthropomorphism as a possible contributing factor to trust development in HRI has mainly been considered in single empirical studies in HRI research and in combination with competence in a first study on HCI (Kulms and Kopp, 2019). Such results, as well as the possibly essential role of anthropomorphism in the transferability of interpersonal trust dynamics to HRI, support a combined consideration of anthropomorphism with competence and warmth as trust determinants in HRI.…”

Section: Transferability Of Determinants Of Trust Development In Interpersonal Interaction To Hrimentioning

confidence: 92%

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Can Robots Earn Our Trust the Same Way Humans Do? A Systematic Exploration of Competence, Warmth, and Anthropomorphism as Determinants of Trust Development in HRI

et al. 2021

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Robots increasingly act as our social counterparts in domains such as healthcare and retail. For these human-robot interactions (HRI) to be effective, a question arises on whether we trust robots the same way we trust humans. We investigated whether the determinants competence and warmth, known to influence interpersonal trust development, influence trust development in HRI, and what role anthropomorphism plays in this interrelation. In two online studies with 2 × 2 between-subjects design, we investigated the role of robot competence (Study 1) and robot warmth (Study 2) in trust development in HRI. Each study explored the role of robot anthropomorphism in the respective interrelation. Videos showing an HRI were used for manipulations of robot competence (through varying gameplay competence) and robot anthropomorphism (through verbal and non-verbal design cues and the robot's presentation within the study introduction) in Study 1 (n = 155) as well as robot warmth (through varying compatibility of intentions with the human player) and robot anthropomorphism (same as Study 1) in Study 2 (n = 157). Results show a positive effect of robot competence (Study 1) and robot warmth (Study 2) on trust development in robots regarding anticipated trust and attributed trustworthiness. Subjective perceptions of competence (Study 1) and warmth (Study 2) mediated the interrelations in question. Considering applied manipulations, robot anthropomorphism neither moderated interrelations of robot competence and trust (Study 1) nor robot warmth and trust (Study 2). Considering subjective perceptions, perceived anthropomorphism moderated the effect of perceived competence (Study 1) and perceived warmth (Study 2) on trust on an attributional level. Overall results support the importance of robot competence and warmth for trust development in HRI and imply transferability regarding determinants of trust development in interpersonal interaction to HRI. Results indicate a possible role of perceived anthropomorphism in these interrelations and support a combined consideration of these variables in future studies. Insights deepen the understanding of key variables and their interaction in trust dynamics in HRI and suggest possibly relevant design factors to enable appropriate trust levels and a resulting desirable HRI. Methodological and conceptual limitations underline benefits of a rather robot-specific approach for future research.

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Section: Transferability Of Determinants Of Trust Development In Interpersonal Interaction To Hrisupporting

confidence: 53%

Section: Transferability Of Determinants Of Trust Development In Interpersonal Interaction To Hrimentioning

confidence: 92%

Can Robots Earn Our Trust the Same Way Humans Do? A Systematic Exploration of Competence, Warmth, and Anthropomorphism as Determinants of Trust Development in HRI

et al. 2021

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“…Furthermore, studies have shown that digital assistants influence users' perceived control during an interaction, often resulting in disappointment with the online recommendation (André et al, 2018) and experience a psychological reactance when they perceive that their freedom is reduced (Lee and Lee, 2009). Multiple studies have also explored how AI impacts trust in machines and have provided approaches to repair trust in human-machine interactions (de Visser et al, 2018;Kulms and Kopp, 2019;Hayes and Moniz, 2021). Yet, there is a lack of a comprehensive look at autonomy perception or reactance encompassing various factors such as trust, control, freedom of choice, and decision-making support.…”

Section: Understanding Autonomy and Reactancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, people experienced algorithmic anxiety owing to a lower degree of trust, confidence, and acceptance of recommendations made by AI agents since they did not fully understand those (Jhaver et al, 2018;Kulms and Kopp, 2019). To overcome issues of algorithmic aversion and anxiety, researchers often look upon explainable AI as a means to increase trust and confidence in recommendations made by AI agents (Ribeiro et al, 2016;Alexandrov, 2017).…”

Section: Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exploring Peoples' Perception of Autonomy and Reactance in Everyday AI Interactions

et al. 2021

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Applications using Artificial Intelligence (AI) have become commonplace and embedded in our daily lives. Much of our communication has transitioned from human–human interaction to human–technology or technology-mediated interaction. As technology is handed over control and streamlines choices and decision-making in different contexts, people are increasingly concerned about a potential threat to their autonomy. In this paper, we explore autonomy perception when interacting with AI-based applications in everyday contexts using a design fiction-based survey with 328 participants. We probed if providing users with explanations on “why” an application made certain choices or decisions influenced their perception of autonomy or reactance regarding the interaction with the applications. We also looked at changes in perception when users are aware of AI's presence in an application. In the social media context, we found that people perceived a greater reactance and lower sense of autonomy perhaps owing to the personal and identity-sensitive nature of the application context. Providing explanations on “why” in the navigation context, contributed to enhancing their autonomy perception, and reducing reactance since it influenced the users' subsequent actions based on the recommendation. We discuss our findings and the implications it has for the future development of everyday AI applications that respect human autonomy.

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