Morphing Tactile Display for Haptic Interaction in Vehicles

Bolzmacher, Christian; Chalubert, G.; Brelaud, Olivier; Alexander, Jean-Philippe; Hafez, Moustapha

doi:10.1007/978-3-662-44193-0_42

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…devices have already included active blocking of taxel states [6,17]. In our case, if a latching system were included, and assuming 50 ms of switching actuation for 1.25 seconds of refresh rate, the average power consumption would be reduced to 43 W for a matrix of 25x25 taxels.…”

Section: Discussion and Outlookmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Electromagnetic (EM) actuation has particularly appealing performance in terms of force, deflection, bandwidth, scaling, integration, robustness and portability. Several EM-based tactile display prototypes have been reported using wire-wound coils to attract or repel small permanent magnets [4][5][6][7]. In the framework of the BlindPAD project 1 we are developing a personal, portable and low cost tactile display.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While effective, this restricts the applications to very low-force stimuli [4,5] as the magnetic interaction scales with magnetic volume. Another approach to reduce taxel-taxel interactions is to use soft-magnetic material housings to enclose and guide the magnetic flux [6]. The latter option adds significant mass, and is not well suited to light and portable devices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Using Pot-Magnets to Enable Stable and Scalable Electromagnetic Tactile Displays

Zárate

Shea

2017

IEEE Trans. Haptics

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Abstract-We present the design, fabrication, characterization and psychophysical testing of a scalable haptic display based on electromagnetic (EM) actuators. The display consists of a 4x4 array of taxels, each of which can be in a raised or a lowered position, thus generating different static configurations. One of the most challenging aspects when designing densely-packed arrays of EM actuators is obtaining large actuation forces while simultaneously generating only weak interactions between neighboring taxels. In this work we introduce a lightweight and effective magnetic shielding architecture. The moving part of each taxel is a cylindrical permanent magnet embedded in a ferromagnetic pot, forming a pot-magnet. An array of planar microcoils attracts or repels each pot-magnet. This configuration reduces the interaction between neighboring magnets by more than one order of magnitude, while the coil/magnet interaction is only reduced by 10%. For 4 mm diameter pins on an 8 mm pitch, we obtained displacements of 0.55 mm and forces of 40 mN using 1.7 W. We measured the accuracy of human perception under two actuation configurations which differed in the force vs. displacement curve. We obtained 91% of correct answers in pulling configuration and 100% in pushing configuration.

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Section: Discussion and Outlookmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Using Pot-Magnets to Enable Stable and Scalable Electromagnetic Tactile Displays

Zárate

Shea

2017

IEEE Trans. Haptics

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“…Several EM-based tactile display prototypes have been reported using 3D wire-wound inductors or similar technologies to attract or repel a small permanent magnet. The focus has been on small arrays (less than 100 taxels) generating vibration stimuli (from 20 to 200 Hz) rather than static taxel displacement [4,10,11]. For those dynamic devices, actuation forces of 13 mN using 400 mW power per taxel [4] and 9 mN at 100 mW per taxel [10] were reported, with positive results on psychophysics tests.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of the force and power consumption of a microfabricated magnetic actuator

Zárate

Tosolini

Petroni

et al. 2015

Sensors and Actuators A: Physical

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a b s t r a c tThe force (F) and the power consumption (P) of a magnetic actuator are modeled, measured and optimized in the context of developing micro-actuators for large arrays, such as in portable tactile displays for the visually impaired. We present a novel analytical approach complemented with finite element simulation (FEM) and experiment validation, showing that the optimization process can be performed considering a single figure of merit F/ √ P. The magnetic actuator is a disc-shaped permanent magnet displaced by planar microcoil. Numerous design parameters are evaluated, including the width and separation of the coil traces, the trace thickness, number of turns and the maximum and minimum radius of the coil. We obtained experimental values of F/ √ P ranging from 2 to 12 mN/ √ W using up to 2-layer coils of both microfabricated and commercial printed circuit board (PCB) technologies. This performance can be further improved by a factor of two by adopting a 6-layer technology. The method can be applied to a wide range of electromagnetic actuators.

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Emerging Material Technologies for Haptics

Biswas

Visell

2019

Adv Materials Technologies

118

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The sense of touch is involved in nearly all human activities, but information technologies for displaying tactile sensory information to the skin are rudimentary when compared to state‐of‐the‐art video and audio displays, or to tactile perceptual capabilities. Realizing tactile displays with good perceptual fidelity will require major advances in engineering, design, and fabrication. Research over several decades has highlighted the difficulties of meeting the required performance benchmarks using conventional devices, processes, and techniques. This has highlighted the important role that will be played by new material technologies that can bridge the electronic and mechanical domains. This must occur at the smallest scales, because of the great perceptual spatial and temporal acuity of the sense of touch. The requirements involved also furnish valuable performance benchmarks against which many emerging material technologies are being evaluated. This article highlights recent research and possibilities enabled through new material technologies, ranging from organic electronic materials, to carbon nanomaterials, and a variety of composites. Emerging material technologies are surveyed for the sense of touch, including sensory considerations and requirements, materials, actuation principles, and design and fabrication methods. A conclusion reflects on the main open challenges and future prospects for research in this area.

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Morphing Tactile Display for Haptic Interaction in Vehicles

Cited by 4 publications

References 5 publications

Using Pot-Magnets to Enable Stable and Scalable Electromagnetic Tactile Displays

Using Pot-Magnets to Enable Stable and Scalable Electromagnetic Tactile Displays

Optimization of the force and power consumption of a microfabricated magnetic actuator

Emerging Material Technologies for Haptics

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