Morphogenic and Structural Characteristics of Marandu Grass Affected by Fertigation With Treated Sewage Effluent and Cutting Height

Abstract

The response of biomass flow components of forage from the interaction between fertigation with wastewater and cutting height during the year is little known. The objective of this work was to verify the responses of morphogenic and structural characteristics of Urochloa brizantha as a function of fertigation application strategies with sewage treatment plant effluent (TSE), complemented with urea (U), associated with harvest with two plant heights during the dry and rainy periods. The forage cutting heights were 30 cm (H1) and 40 cm (H2), and nitrogen fertilization doses were 9.1 (D1), 12.1 (D2), 22.5 (D3), 26.6 (D4), and 34.0 (D5) kg of N per Mg-1 of dry matter (DM) produced, applied by TSE via fertigation, plus 7.5 kg N per Mg-1 of DM produced, applied in the form of urea by cover in all treatments. Factor analyses for the dry and rainy periods identified two processes that correspond to forage mass growth and leaf development. Analysis of variance showed that treatments D5H2 and D5H1 presented superior responses over the other treatments, in the dry, and rainy periods. The treatment D5H2 stood out in the process of forage mass growth, and D5H1 in leaf development.

Agronomic performance of Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu cultivated in clayey and sandy soil submitted to water and nutritional management

“…In springsummer, it accounted for 83% of dry matter production. Similar results were obtained by Dantas et al (2020), Santos et al (2019), and Dantas et al (2016) using the same forage and using increasing doses of fertigation, also obtained a reduction in fresh and dry mass in winter and an increase in dry and fresh mass in the spring-summer period.…”

“…In winter, the climatic conditions of solar radiation and air temperature, inhibited the development of the plant, presenting a lower average cut height, which affects the dry mass yield. Results similar to those obtained by Dantas et al (2016) in the same cultivar, however, using doses of organic nitrogen, which was treated sewage effluent.…”

“…During the period of the experiment, complementary fertilization was carried out following the double and triple of 15; 3.5 and 18 kg of NPK (nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium) per Mega gram (Mg) of dry matter (DM) yield every 28 days according to the methodology used by Vilela et al (1998). The works carried out by Dantas et al (2016) found that forage linearly responds to NPK fertilization when 50% more nutrients are used, thus, the dose of 100% higher than that proposed follows the recommendation of Malavolta (1980) for carrying out the work in pots and 200% to understand how the response of the crop will be. Therefore, doses of 30, 7, and 36 (A1) and 45; 10.5 and 54 (A2) kg of NPK per Mg of DM yield were used.…”

Physiological quality and seed chemical composition of soybean seeds under different altitude

“…The experiment consists of data collected during the period from 2013 to 2017 (Santos et al 2017;Dantas et al 2020). The plot size was 2.4 m wide and 6 m long.…”

“…The grass Urochloa brizantha Marandu was grown in the study area. TSE levels E0, E1, E3, and E5 corresponded to the treatments with no TSE application (E0) and low (E1), medium (E3), and high (E5) TSE levels, as established by Santos et al (2017) and Dantas et al (2020).…”