Morphological and allozyme variation of Eidolon helvum (Mammalia: Megachiroptera) in the islands of the Gulf of Guinea

Juste, Javier; Ibáñez, Carlos; Machordom, Annie

doi:10.1111/j.1095-8312.2000.tb01262.x

Cited by 22 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Analysis of F ST , AMOVA, and Bayesian clustering suggested that there were significant interisland differences; this supports the hypothesis that the open sea formed a significant barrier for bat dispersal, especially when the interisland distance was large, such as between Yonaguni and the other islands. These results are comparable with the data reported for the population of bats on other islands, e.g., populations of Cynopterus nusatenggara (Schmitt et al 1995), Eidolon helvum (Juste et al 2000), and Haplonycteris fischeri (Roberts 2006). In contrast, the disagreement between our results (lack of genetic structure) and the marginal species dispersal on Iriomote Island, as suggested by banding data (Maeda and Matsumoto 2004), might be partly because intercolonial dispersal occurred to an extent that was sufficient to reduce genetic structuring but was insufficient to be detected by the mark-recapture method.…”

Section: Genetic Differentiation and Gene Flowsupporting

confidence: 91%

Genetic structure of island populations of the endangered bat Hipposideros turpis turpis: implications for conservation

Echenique-Díaz

Yokoyama

Takahashi³

et al. 2008

Population Ecology

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Efforts for the conservation of the endangered bat species Hipposideros turpis turpis in southern Japan are hampered by a lack of information about its biology and natural history and by the increasing effect of human activities. In an attempt to address some of the conservation challenges faced by this species, we studied the genetic structure and dispersal of intra-and interisland populations using six species-specific microsatellite markers. In particular, we sought to establish the relationship between island populations and to define effective management units for conservation. Pairwise co-ancestry index (F ST ) analysis, analysis of molecular variance, and Bayesian clustering suggested the presence of significant genetic differentiation between islands but little differentiation within them. The small Yonaguni Island population appeared to be not only geographically isolated, but also genetically isolated. This population is at the greatest risk of extinction, considering its size and low genetic variation. The larger populations on Iriomote and Ishigaki Islands are genetically related to each other to a greater degree and exhibit higher genetic variation than the Yonaguni Island population. This suggests that these two island populations should be included in a single management unit, while bats from Yonaguni Island should be managed independently and given higher priority for conservation. Actions such as defining vegetation corridors between colonies, as well as building gates at the entrance of the largest known colony, should be included in the conservation agenda of this still poorly known species.

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Section: Genetic Differentiation and Gene Flowsupporting

confidence: 91%

Genetic structure of island populations of the endangered bat Hipposideros turpis turpis: implications for conservation

Echenique-Díaz

Yokoyama

Takahashi³

et al. 2008

Population Ecology

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“…'s (1998) results, we detected little evidence of a relationship of island area (which is presumably related to effective population size) or island isolation (which is presumably related to levels of gene flow) to amounts of variation within populations. Similarly, Juste et al. (2000) found that, of several insular populations of an African fruit bat, Eidolon helvum , the most isolated of these showed much greater genetic differentiation than the others, in association with reduced gene flow.…”

Section: Geological History Vs Ecology?mentioning

confidence: 87%

The roles of geological history and colonization abilities in genetic differentiation between mammalian populations in the Philippine archipelago

Heaney

Walsh

Peterson

2005

Journal of Biogeography

118

144

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Aim To test hypotheses that: (1) late Pleistocene low sea-level shorelines (rather than current shorelines) define patterns of genetic variation among mammals on oceanic Philippine islands; (2) species-specific ecological attributes, especially forest fidelity and vagility, determine the extent to which common genetic patterns are exhibited among a set of species; (3) populations show reduced within-population variation on small, isolated oceanic islands; (4) populations tend to be most highly differentiated on small, isolated islands; and (5) to assess the extent to which patterns of genetic differentiation among multiple species are determined by interactions of ecological traits and geological/geographic conditions.Location The Philippine Islands, a large group of oceanic islands in Southeast (SE) Asia with unusually high levels of endemism among mammals.Methods Starch-gel electrophoresis of protein allozymes of six species of small fruit bats (Chiroptera, Pteropodidae) and one rodent (Rodentia, Muridae).Results Genetic distances between populations within all species are not correlated with distances between present-day shorelines, but are positively correlated with distances between shorelines during the last Pleistocene period of low sea level; relatively little intraspecific variation was found within these 'Pleistocene islands'. Island area and isolation of oceanic populations have only slight effects on standing genetic variation within populations, but populations on some isolated islands have heightened levels of genetic differentiation, and reduced levels of gene flow, relative to other islands. Species associated with disturbed habitat (all of which fly readily across open habitats) show more genetic variation within populations than species associated with primary rain forest (all of which avoid flying out from beneath forest canopy). Species associated with disturbed habitats, which tend to be widely distributed in SE Asia, also show higher rates of gene flow and less differentiation between populations than species associated with rain forest, which tend to be Philippine endemic species. One rain forest bat has levels of gene flow and heterozygosity similar to the forest-living rodent in our study. Main conclusionsThe maximum limits of Philippine islands that were reached during Pleistocene periods of low sea level define areas of relative genetic homogeneity, whereas even narrow sea channels between adjacent but permanently isolated oceanic islands are associated with most genetic variation within the species. Moreover, the distance between 'Pleistocene islands' is correlated with the extent of genetic distances within species. The structure of genetic variation is strongly influenced by the ecology of the species, predominantly as a result of their varying levels of vagility and ability to tolerate open (non-forested) habitat. Readily available information on ecology Journal of Biogeography (J. Biogeogr.) (2005) 32, 229-247 ª 2005 Blackwell Publishing Ltd www.blackwellpublishing.com/jbi INTR ODU...

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“…Juste et al [23] established that the E. helvum population on Annobón is significantly smaller in body size than populations on the nearest islands or on continental Africa. Additionally, allozyme analyses identified corresponding genetic differentiation, with the rate of gene flow between Annobón and other islands or continental populations approaching the minimum required for independent divergence by random drift [23]. In fact, Annobón's geographic isolation has resulted in sufficient genetic differentiation of E. helvum on the island for its designation as a separate subspecies, E. helvum annobonensis [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to its widespread continental distribution, E. helvum exists on a small number of off-shore islands, including those in the Gulf of Guinea: Bioko, Príncipe, São Tomé and Annobón [23] ( Figure 1 ). Although all four islands are part of the Cameroon volcanic chain, Bioko was previously connected to the mainland via a land bridge, while Príncipe, São Tomé and Annobón formed independently 31, 13 and 4.8 million years ago, respectively [24] i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Henipavirus Neutralising Antibodies in an Isolated Island Population of African Fruit Bats

et al. 2012

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Isolated islands provide valuable opportunities to study the persistence of viruses in wildlife populations, including population size thresholds such as the critical community size. The straw-coloured fruit bat, Eidolon helvum, has been identified as a reservoir for henipaviruses (serological evidence) and Lagos bat virus (LBV; virus isolation and serological evidence) in continental Africa. Here, we sampled from a remote population of E. helvum annobonensis fruit bats on Annobón island in the Gulf of Guinea to investigate whether antibodies to these viruses also exist in this isolated subspecies. Henipavirus serological analyses (Luminex multiplexed binding and inhibition assays, virus neutralisation tests and western blots) and lyssavirus serological analyses (LBV: modified Fluorescent Antibody Virus Neutralisation test, LBV and Mokola virus: lentivirus pseudovirus neutralisation assay) were undertaken on 73 and 70 samples respectively. Given the isolation of fruit bats on Annobón and their lack of connectivity with other populations, it was expected that the population size on the island would be too small to allow persistence of viruses that are thought to cause acute and immunising infections. However, the presence of antibodies against henipaviruses was detected using the Luminex binding assay and confirmed using alternative assays. Neutralising antibodies to LBV were detected in one bat using both assays. We demonstrate clear evidence for exposure of multiple individuals to henipaviruses in this remote population of E. helvum annobonensis fruit bats on Annobón island. The situation is less clear for LBV. Seroprevalences to henipaviruses and LBV in Annobón are notably different to those in E. helvum in continental locations studied using the same sampling techniques and assays. Whilst cross-sectional serological studies in wildlife populations cannot provide details on viral dynamics within populations, valuable information on the presence or absence of viruses may be obtained and utilised for informing future studies.

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Morphological and allozyme variation of Eidolon helvum (Mammalia: Megachiroptera) in the islands of the Gulf of Guinea

Cited by 22 publications

References 26 publications

Genetic structure of island populations of the endangered bat Hipposideros turpis turpis: implications for conservation

Genetic structure of island populations of the endangered bat Hipposideros turpis turpis: implications for conservation

The roles of geological history and colonization abilities in genetic differentiation between mammalian populations in the Philippine archipelago

Henipavirus Neutralising Antibodies in an Isolated Island Population of African Fruit Bats

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