Morphological and Histological Study of Uropygial 
 Gland in Moorhen (G. gallinula C. choropus)

Sawad, Alaa A.

doi:10.3923/ijps.2006.938.941

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…The gland's parenchyma formed of four distinguishing epithelial cell layers; basal cell (flattened cell), intermediate cell (Polyhedral cell), secretory cell (Polyhedral cell), and degenerative cell layers which own pyknotic cells as a result of apoptosis that confirm the holocrine nature of the avian PG (Liman & Alan, 2013). The current findings concord with previous results of several authors (Chiale et al, 2014; Hassanin et al, 2021; Kozlu et al, 2011; Sadoon, 2011; Sawad, 2006; Shafiian & Mobini, 2014). On the other hand, in TEM view, the intermediate cells of the lining epithelium exhibited basophilic cytoplasm, vesicular nuclei, and large size, compared to ducks and pigeons; these are indications of active cells (Hassanin et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…From the anatomical investigations of the PG in the LD, PG was known to be situated dorsolaterally to the caudal vertebrae and pygostyle regions. It is situated dorsal to the last caudal vertebra in duck (Mohamed, 2019), osprey (Harem et al, 2010), moorhen (Sawad, 2006), and in saddleback (Reynolds, 2013). The former author also reported that the position of PG is immediately above the tail feathers in hihi and tui, and cloaca (vent) in Kiwi.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The bi‐lobed form in some species joined for their entire where appear one lobe such as in owl and Tyto alba (Jacob & Ziswiler, 1982). Two lobes are joined together by an isthmus in moorhen (Sawad, 2006). Other PG forms included tri‐lobed in hoopoe ( Upupa epops ) (Martín‐Vivaldi et al, 2009), and one lobe PG in European nightjar (Jacob & Ziswiler, 1982).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In general, the histological architecture of the PG in birds seem to be related to the degree of interaction of bird with water (Montalti et al, 2005; Sawad, 2006; Harem et al, 2010; Shafiian & Mobini, 2014; Chiale et al, 2016; Mohamed, 2019; Hassanin et al, 2021). The studied bird formed a simple tubular PG with a holocrine mode of secretion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These cavities collect the secretion of tubules, which are arranged radially in their periphery. Its secretion is conveyed to the surface of the skin by ducts and discharged into a narrow papilla (Harem et al, 2005; Sawad, 2006). Functionally, the gland secretions play role in feather maintenance, water‐proofing, and defense mechanism (Elder, 1954), and play a fundamental role in the storage of vitamin D, allowing this nutrient to be taken up by the beak during grooming (König et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preen gland of the laughing dove (Streptopelia senegalensis aegyptiaca): Light and electron microscopic analysis

Madkour

Choudhary

Kandyel

2023

Microscopy Res & Technique

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This work reviews the microscopic anatomy of the preen gland in laughing dove (Streptopelia senegalensis aegyptiaca) using light, scanning, and transmission electron microscopes. The gland possessed two large pea‐shaped lobes. The glandular lobules of each lobe were huddled in elliptical, triangle, round shapes, connected with each other by strands of connective tissue septae. The lobule was composed of glandular follicles, each follicle folded and enclosed by a sheath of connective tissue connected with the neighboring ones by interfollicular septae. The gland's parenchyma was coated with a dense connective tissue capsule composed of collagen, elastic, and reticular fibers. The secretory tubules were divided into peripheral tubules and central tubules. The central ones were located close to the major cavity and lined with thin epithelium, whereas the peripheral tubules were adjacent to the capsule and characterized by taller epithelium. The central secretory tubules were lined with four cell layers: flattened basal, large‐sized polyhedral intermediate, and secretory cell layers, as well as a degenerative cells layer that formed of small cells with pale cytoplasm and pyknotic nuclei. Variable sizes and shapes of Herbst corpuscles were detected alongside the papillary duct and near the glandular lobe. Transmission electron microscopy view revealed that the cytoplasm of the intermediate cells contained a dense population of mitochondria, while the secretory and degenerative cells contained fewer mitochondria. In conclusion, these structures will be beneficial for understanding the habitat differences of laughing doves.Research Highlights Grossly, the preen gland (PG) of the laughing dove formed of two large pea‐shaped lobes. The glandular lobule was composed of glandular follicles, each follicle was folded and enclosed by a sheath of connective tissue connected with the neighboring ones by interfollicular septae. The central secretory tubules were lined with four cell layers: basal, intermediate, secretory, and degenerative cell layers. Variable sizes and shapes of Herbst corpuscles were detected alongside the papillary duct and near the glandular lobe of the PG. In transmission electron microscopic analysis, the cytoplasm of the intermediate cells contained a dense population of mitochondria, while the secretory and degenerative cells contained fewer mitochondria.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Preen gland of the laughing dove (Streptopelia senegalensis aegyptiaca): Light and electron microscopic analysis

Madkour

Choudhary

Kandyel

2023

Microscopy Res & Technique

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The uropygial gland of the Great Cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo): I. Morphology

et al. 2023

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To further our knowledge of the basis of the wing-spreading behavior of cormorants, we compared the feathers of cormorants with a diving and a dabbling duck. Only the cormorant shows the division into a closed vane next to the rhachis and an open vane in the periphery of the feather. Macroscopically, the uropygial gland of the Great Cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo) is bilobed, the papilla wears circlet feathers of type I. Histologically, the uropygial gland of the cormorant consists of tightly packed glandular tubules separated by internal septa. These tubules can be divided into three zones based on their laminar appearance. They transition into secretion-filled ducts that lead to the papilla. There is no central storage chamber. By contrast, the uropygial gland of the rock pigeon (Columba livia) contains a large central storage chamber, the glandular tissue is limited to the periphery of the gland. Thus, the histological organization of the cormorant uropygial gland is similar to many other aquatic birds. To elucidate the complex internal structure, we additionally reconstructed the uropygial gland three-dimensionally.

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The uropygial gland of the monk parakeet Myiopsitta monachus: Histology, morphogenesis, and evolution within Psittaciformes (Aves)

Carril

Chiale

Barbeito

2019

Evolution and Development

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We describe the morphology, histology, and histochemical characteristics of the uropygial gland (UG) of the monk parakeet Myiopsitta monachus. The UG has a heart-shape external appearance and adenomers extensively branched with a convoluted path, covered by a stratified epithelium formed by different cellular strata and divided into three zones (based on the epithelial height and lumen width), a cylindrical papilla with an internal structure of delicate type and two excretory pores surrounded by a feather tuft. Histochemical and lectinhistochemical techniques performed showed positivity against PAS, AB pH 2.5, AB-PAS, and some lectines, likely related to the granivorous feeding habits.Also, we describe the morphogenesis of the UG of the monk parakeet, which appears at embryological stage 34 as a pair of ectodermal invaginations.Heterochronic events in the onset development of the UG when compared with other birds could be recognized. Finally, to examine the phylogenetic occurrence of the UG within the Psittaciformes and infer its evolutionary history, we mapped its presence/absence over a molecular phylogeny. The reconstruction of the characters states at ancestral nodes revealed that the presence of the UG was the plesiomorphic feature for Psittaciformes and its loss evolved independently more than once. K E Y W O R D Sancestral state reconstruction, evo-devo, heterochrony, histochemistry

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Morphological and Histological Study of Uropygial Gland in Moorhen (G. gallinula C. choropus)

Cited by 11 publications

References 3 publications

Preen gland of the laughing dove (Streptopelia senegalensis aegyptiaca): Light and electron microscopic analysis

Preen gland of the laughing dove (Streptopelia senegalensis aegyptiaca): Light and electron microscopic analysis

The uropygial gland of the Great Cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo): I. Morphology

The uropygial gland of the monk parakeet Myiopsitta monachus: Histology, morphogenesis, and evolution within Psittaciformes (Aves)

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