Morphology and multigene phylogeny reveal a new order and a new species of wood-inhabiting basidiomycete fungi (Agaricomycetes)

Abstract

Dead wood-associated fungi play an important role in wood degradation and the recycling of organic matter in the forest ecological system. Xenasmataceae is a cosmopolitan group of wood-rotting fungi that grows on tropical, subtropical, temperate, and boreal vegetation. In this study, a new fungal order, Xenasmatales, is introduced based on both morphology and multigene phylogeny to accommodate Xenasmataceae. According to the internal transcribed spacer and nuclear large subunit (ITS+nLSU) and nLSU-only analyses of 13 orders, Xenasmatales formed a single lineage and then grouped with orders Atheliales, Boletales, and Hymenochaetales. The ITS dataset revealed that the new taxon Xenasmatella nigroidea clustered into Xenasmatella and was closely grouped with Xenasmatella vaga. In the present study, Xenasmatella nigroidea collected from Southern China is proposed as a new taxon, based on a combination of morphology and phylogeny. Additionally, a key to the Xenasmatella worldwide is provided.

A phylogenetic and taxonomic study on Steccherinum (Polyporales, Basidiomycota): Focusing on three new Steccherinum species from southern China

“…New DNA sequencing techniques have revolutionized the researches of fungal taxonomy and diversity, in which about 150 thousand species of fungi have been described ( Hyde, 2022 ). Wood decaying fungi have been studied intensively in recent years ( Bernicchia and Gorjón, 2010 ; Dai, 2011 ; Cui et al., 2019 ; Guan et al., 2020 ; Wang and Zhao, 2021 ; Westphalen et al., 2021 ; Wu et al., 2021a ; Wu et al, 2021b ; Wu et al., 2021b ; Luo and Zhao, 2022 ; Luo et al., 2022 ; Qu et al., 2022 ; Wu et al., 2022a ; Wu et al, 2022b ), but the hydnoid species in the order Polyporales are still not well investigated in China, especially in the subtropics and tropics. In the present study, three new species, Steccherinum fissurutum , S. punctatum and S. subtropicum spp.…”

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“…Wood-inhabiting fungi were generally found in dead tree trunks, inverted wood, and artificial wood products, which can secrete various biological enzymes degrading cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin in wood into simple inorganic substances, and they play a pivotal role in forest ecosystem and are important members of ecosystem decomposition (Dai 2011). Based on the morphological and phylogenetic method, a number of wood-inhabiting fungi were recorded in China (Wu et al 2020, Dai et al 2021, Luo & Zhao 2022, Hyphoderma is one of the important representative groups of wood-inhabiting fungi (Bernicchia & Gorjón 2010), but the species diversity of this genus is still not well known in China, especially in subtropical and tropical areas of this country , Zong et al 2021, Deng & Zhao 2022, Gu & Zhao 2022. The present will be useful to push the further research on fundamental research and applied research of fungi.…”

Morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analyses revealed three new wood-inhabiting fungi (Agaricomycetes, Basidiomycota) in Southern China

“…Sequence of Trametes suaveolens (L.) Fr. obtained from GenBank was used as the outgroup to root the tree following a previous study (Luo & Zhao 2022) (Fig. 2).…”

“…Zhao) G. Gruhn & Trichies (2021: 40), and X. xinpingensis C.L. Zhao were described (Huang et al 2019, Luo & Zhao 2022.…”

“…The outline of all genera of Basidiomycota with combined SSU, ITS, nLSU, tef1α, RPB1, and RPB2 datasets showed that Xenasmatella grouped with Xenasmataceae within the order Russulales (He et al 2019). Recently, according to the internal transcribed spacer and nuclear large subunit analyses including 13 orders, Xenasmatella and related genera in the family Xenasmataceae formed a single lineage and grouped with orders Atheliales, Boletales, and Hymenochaetales, therefore, a new order Xenasmatales was introduced based on both morphology and multigene phylogeny to accommodate Xenasmataceae (Luo & Zhao 2022).…”