Mosquitoes of Anopheles hyrcanus (Diptera, Culicidae) Group: Species Diagnostic and Phylogenetic Relationships

Anopheles mosquitoes are vectors of human malaria, but they also harbor viruses, collectively termed the virome. The Anopheles virome is relatively poorly studied, and the number and function of viruses are unknown. Only the o’nyong-nyong arbovirus (ONNV) is known to be consistently transmitted to vertebrates by Anopheles mosquitoes. A systematic literature review searched four databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Lissa. In addition, online and print resources were searched manually. The searches yielded 259 records. After screening for eligibility criteria, we found at least 51 viruses reported in Anopheles, including viruses with potential to cause febrile disease if transmitted to humans or other vertebrates. Studies to date have not provided evidence that Anopheles consistently transmit and maintain arboviruses other than ONNV. However, anthropophilic Anopheles vectors of malaria are constantly exposed to arboviruses in human bloodmeals. It is possible that in malaria-endemic zones, febrile symptoms may be commonly misdiagnosed. It is also possible that anophelines may be inherently less competent arbovirus vectors than culicines, but if true, the biological basis would warrant further study. This systematic review contributes a context to characterize the biology, knowledge gaps, and potential public health risk of Anopheles viruses.

show abstract

“…The An. hyrcanus group is a widespread species group involved in the transmission of P. vivax and P. falciparum in Europe and Asia [ 101 , 102 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review of the Natural Virome of Anopheles Mosquitoes

Nanfack-Minkeu

Vernick

2018

Viruses

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In molecular biological study of mosquitoes, it is reported recently that the mean intraspecific variations were less than 2% divergence (Kumar et al, 2007;Taira et al, 2012;Khrabrova et al, 2015). The mean intraspecific variations of 35 species including the medically important vector species of Anopheles, Aedes and Culex showed a less than 2% ranged with 0 1.5% divergences, but higher divergences of more than 2% were detected in Aedes aureostriatus okinawanus Bohart (2.2%) and Culex hayashii ryukyuanus Tanaka et al (3.3%) in the Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan (Taira et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New taxonomic status of <i>Tripteroides bambusa</i> (Yamada), 1917 from Japan, based on experimental crossing and COI sequence divergence

Toma

Taira

Oosiro

et al. 2019

Med. Entomol. Zool.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Tripteroides bambusa bambusa (Yamada) from the Palaearctic region of Japan, and Tp. b. yaeyamensis Tanaka, Mizusawa and Saugstad from Yaeyama Islands of the Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan were elevated to the rank of full species, Tp. bambusa and Tp. yaeyamensis, respectively. The specific status was based on the demonstration of the morphological distinction, the allopatric distribution, the sterile reciprocal cross, and the DNA sequence diversity of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI).

show abstract

“…kleini compared to An. sinensis [ 40 , 41 ]. This may, in part, account for the higher numbers of malaria cases that continue to be reported from the DPRK [ 11 , 12 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, WHO in both the 2011 and 2015 malaria report continues to indicate that An. sinensis is the primary mosquito near the DMZ where malaria is transmitted, even though there is data to refute this supposition [ 7 , 11 , 12 , 35 , 37 , 40 , 41 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of malaria vectors and incidence of vivax malaria at Korean army installations near the demilitarized zone, Republic of Korea

Chang

Yoo

et al. 2016

Malar J

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundAs a result of the reintroduction of malaria in the Republic of Korea (ROK) in 1993 and the threat to military and civilian populations, the Korea Military National Defense (MND) increased emphasis on vector control in 2012 at ROK Army (ROKA) installations located near the DMZ, while decreasing chemoprophylaxis, fearing potential drug resistance. Mosquito surveillance demonstrated a need for continuous monitoring of disease patterns among ROKA soldiers and vector malaria infection rates to ensure positive outcomes.MethodsAnopheles spp. were collected from May–October at three ROKA installations in three locations near the DMZ. Each of the areas included one installation <2 km and two installations 11–12 km from the DMZ in Paju and Yeoncheon counties, Gyeonggi Province. Anopheles spp. were identified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques and then assayed for the presence of vivax malaria sporozoites. The ROK MND reported vivax malaria patients monthly to Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Correlations for the incidence of Plasmodium vivax patients and infected Anopheles species were analysed using the Wilcoxon rank sum test, Pearson correlation test and liner regression analysis.ResultsA total of 4282 Anopheles spp. were collected. Anopheles kleini (69.5 %) was the most commonly collected, followed by Anopheles pullus (17.3 %), Anopheles belenrae (4.5 %), Anopheles sineroides (4.2 %), Anopheles sinensis sensu stricto (2.7 %), and Anopheles lesteri (1.9 %). Overall, 21 malaria patients were reported by the ROK MND. The monthly incidence of the malaria patients correlated with the monthly number of Plasmodium vivax sporozoite positive Anopheles spp. The monthly numbers of An.kleini demonstrated the highest correlations to the numbers of ROKA malaria patients throughout the mosquito season (P < 0.01). Anopheles spp. positive for P. vivax and malaria patients at ROKA installations located <2 km from the DMZ were higher than for ROKA installations located 11–12 km from DMZ.ConclusionThe number of Anopheles spp. positive for P. vivax sporozoites correlated with the monthly number of malaria cases and exposure of ROKA soldiers from May–October to P. vivax malaria infections. Malaria vector surveillance and vector control is warranted as part of an effective malaria management program at ROKA installations located near DMZ.

show abstract

Mosquitoes of Anopheles hyrcanus (Diptera, Culicidae) Group: Species Diagnostic and Phylogenetic Relationships

Abstract: Abstract. Herein, we report the results of study of Anopheles species in Primorsk and Khabarovsk regions of Russia.

Cited by 9 publications

References 19 publications

A Systematic Review of the Natural Virome of Anopheles Mosquitoes

A Systematic Review of the Natural Virome of Anopheles Mosquitoes

New taxonomic status of <i>Tripteroides bambusa</i> (Yamada), 1917 from Japan, based on experimental crossing and COI sequence divergence

Distribution of malaria vectors and incidence of vivax malaria at Korean army installations near the demilitarized zone, Republic of Korea

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About