Moved to Opportunity: The Long-Run Effects of Public Housing Demolition on Children

Chyn, Eric

doi:10.1257/aer.20161352

Cited by 282 publications

(261 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Our heterogeneous results likely emerged because the variety of potential neighborhood causal processes at play (described earlier) generate different responses for different kinds of residents (Burdick-Will et al 2011;Galster et al 2010;Bergsten 2010;Clampet-Lundquist et al 2011;Ludwig 2012;Andersson and Malmberg 2015;Sharkey and Faber 2014). We cannot, of course, offer any firm claims about causal processes based on our statistical relationships, but we offer some speculations that would be consistent with our observed heterogeneity.…”

Section: Heterogeneity Of Neighborhood Causal Processes and Residentsmentioning

confidence: 48%

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Neighborhood Social Mix and Adults' Income Trajectories: Longitudinal Evidence from Stockholm

Galster

Andersson

Musterd

2016

Geografiska Annaler: Series B, Human Geography

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We investigate the relationship between neighborhood income composition and income trajectories of adults, employing annual panel data from Stockholm over the 1991–2008 period and multiple measures of neighborhood income mix. We advance the human geography literature in three ways by quantifying neighborhood effects that: (1) are unusually precise due to our large sample size; (2) are arguably causal and unbiased due to the econometric techniques employed; (3) are potentially heterogeneous, varying according to gender, income group, and ethnicity. Our innovative, fixed‐effect change modeling indicates that neighborhood income mix affects subsequent one‐ and five‐year income trajectories of residents in highly heterogeneous ways according to gender, income and ethnicity, and for some groups this effect is substantial. The evidence supports on Pareto improvement grounds a social mix policy that attempts to reduce the incidence of lower‐income dominant neighborhood environments and replace them with more mixed or middle‐income dominant ones.

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Section: Heterogeneity Of Neighborhood Causal Processes and Residentsmentioning

confidence: 48%

“…The international evidence from nonexperimental and experimental quantitative studies indeed suggests that different mechanisms may have varying salience across different groups (Turley 2003;Bergsten 2010;Galster et al 2010;Burdick-Will et al 2011;Clampet-Lundquist et al 2011;Ludwig 2012;Andersson and Malmberg 2015;Sharkey and Faber 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neighborhood Social Mix and Adults' Income Trajectories: Longitudinal Evidence from Stockholm

Galster

Andersson

Musterd

2016

Geografiska Annaler: Series B, Human Geography

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“…Our results suggest that efforts to increase lease‐up may come at some cost of reducing self‐sufficiency for beneficiaries. Moving beyond the context of housing assistance, recent important work demonstrates that one key consideration for the external validity of experimental estimates is selection into the experiment (Andrews & Oster, ; Chyn, ). We show that variation in take‐up rates may be another important consideration for external validity of experimental and quasi‐experimental estimates of the effects of public assistance programs on household behavior.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our second research question relates to a literature seeking to understand the representativeness of experimental treatment effect estimates (Allcott, 2015;Andrews & Oster, 2017;Bisbee et al, 2017;Chyn, 2018). We ask: How would the labor market effects of housing assistance change if voucher take-up rates increased?…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Housing Voucher Take‐Up and Labor Market Impacts

Chyn

Hyman

Kapustin

2018

J Policy Anal Manage

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Low participation rates in government assistance programs are a major policy concern in the United States. This paper studies take‐up of Section 8 housing vouchers, a program in which take‐up rates are quite low among interested and eligible households. We link 18,109 households in Chicago that were offered vouchers through a lottery to administrative data and study how baseline employment, earnings, public assistance, arrests, residential location, and children's academic performance predict take‐up. Our analysis finds mixed evidence of whether the most disadvantaged or distressed households face the largest barriers to program participation. We also study the causal impact of peer behavior on take‐up by exploiting idiosyncratic variation in the timing of voucher offers. We find that the probability of lease‐up increases with the number of neighbors who recently received voucher offers. Finally, we explore the policy implications of increasing housing voucher take‐up by applying reweighting methods to existing causal impact estimates of voucher receipt. This analysis suggests that greater utilization of vouchers may lead to larger reductions in labor market activity. Differences in take‐up rates across settings may be important to consider when assessing the external validity of studies identifying the effects of public assistance programs.

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“…Nakamura, Sigurdsson, and Steinsson (2017) study the labour market outcomes of families displaced by the eruption of a volcano on an island off the coast of Iceland in 1973. Jacob (2004) and Chyn (2018) exploit exogenous variation in mobility caused by public housing demolitions in Chicago. While neither paper finds effects on educational attainment, displaced children have better labour market outcomes as adults.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forced Migration and Human Capital: Evidence from Post-WWII Population Transfers

Becker¹,

Grosfeld

Grosjean

et al. 2018

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We exploit a unique historical setting to study the long-run effects of forced migration on investment in education. After World War II, the Polish borders were redrawn, resulting in largescale migration. Poles were forced to move from the Kresy territories in the East (taken over by the USSR) and were resettled mostly to the newly acquired Western Territories, from which Germans were expelled. We combine historical censuses with newly collected survey data to show that, while there were no pre-WWII differences in education, Poles with a family history of forced migration are significantly more educated today. Descendants of forced migrants have on average one extra year of schooling, driven by a higher propensity to finish secondary or higher education. This result holds when we restrict ancestral locations to a subsample around the Kresy border and include fixed effects for the destination of migrants. Since Kresy migrants were of the same ethnicity and religion as other Poles, we bypass confounding factors of other cases of forced migration. We show that labor market competition with natives and selection of migrants are also unlikely to drive our results. Survey evidence suggests that forced migration led to a shift in preferences, away from material possessions and towards investment in a mobile assethuman capital. The effects persist over three generations.

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Moved to Opportunity: The Long-Run Effects of Public Housing Demolition on Children

Cited by 282 publications

References 52 publications

Neighborhood Social Mix and Adults' Income Trajectories: Longitudinal Evidence from Stockholm

Neighborhood Social Mix and Adults' Income Trajectories: Longitudinal Evidence from Stockholm

Housing Voucher Take‐Up and Labor Market Impacts

Forced Migration and Human Capital: Evidence from Post-WWII Population Transfers

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