Moving object tracking in clinical scenarios: application to cardiac surgery and cerebral aneurysm clipping

Abstract

Background and objectivesSurgical procedures such as laparoscopic and robotic surgeries are popular since they are invasive in nature and use miniaturized surgical instruments for small incisions. Tracking of the instruments (graspers, needle drivers) and field of view from the stereoscopic camera during surgery could further help the surgeons to remain focussed and reduce the probability of committing any mistakes. Tracking is usually preferred in computerized video surveillance, traffic monitoring, military surveillance system, and vehicle navigation. Despite the numerous efforts over the last few years, object tracking still remains an open research problem, mainly due to motion blur, image noise, lack of image texture, and occlusion. Most of the existing object tracking methods are time-consuming and less accurate when the input video contains high volume of information and more number of instruments. MethodsThis paper presents a variational framework to track the motion of moving objects in surgery videos. The key contributions are as follows: (1) A denoising method using stochastic resonance in maximal overlap discrete wavelet transform is proposed and (2) a robust energy functional based on Bhattacharyya coefficient to match the target region in the first frame of the input sequence with the subsequent frames using a similarity metric is developed. A modified affine transformation-based registration is used to estimate the motion of the features following an active contour-based segmentation method to converge the contour resulted from the registration process. Results and conclusionThe proposed method has been implemented on publicly available databases; the results are found satisfactory. Overlap index (OI) is used to evaluate the tracking performance, and the maximum OI is found to be 76% and 88% on private data and public data sequences.

Multiple regulation and targeting effects of borneol in the neurovascular unit in neurodegenerative diseases

“…Loss of mural cells and further inflammation and vessel wall degeneration ultimately lead to cerebral arteries rupture 81 . Rupture of cerebral aneurysms can cause subarachnoid haemorrhage, intracerebral hematoma and other complications leading to high mortality rate 82 . In our previous study, we found that prophylactic administration of borneol could reduce the damage caused by subarachnoid haemorrhage in the brainstem.…”

“…81 Rupture of cerebral aneurysms can cause subarachnoid haemorrhage, intracerebral hematoma and other complications leading to high mortality rate. 82 In our previous study, we found that prophylactic administration of borneol could reduce the damage caused by subarachnoid haemorrhage in the brainstem. This study also shows that borneol can impact the BBB, regulate inflammatory response and promote angiogenesis, alleviating the damage of local vascular wall and preventing the formation of cerebral aneurysms.…”

Discrete light sheet microscopic segmentation of left ventricle using morphological tuning and active contours

“…Segmentation was even considered as tracking the cardiac dynamics. Hybrid algorithms (Tran, Tran, Ninh, Bui, & Pham, 2020) using discrete wavelet transform (Dakua et al, 2019), level set method, and k-means clustering also proved its good performance in left ventricle segmentation (Nageswararao & Srinivasan, 2014).…”

Vision-Based Tracking of Surgical Motion During Live Open-Heart Surgery

“…There are motion tracking systems in use for laparoscopic surgery, [16][17][18] but none are available for open surgery. A reason may be that routine video recording is not an absolute must in open surgery.…”