Mucoadhesive polymeric films comprising polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, and poloxamer 407 for pharmaceutical applications

Vecchi, Camila Félix; Tominaga, Tânia Toyomi; Souza, Paulo Ricardo Martins; Caetano, Wilker; Bruschi, Marcos Luciano

doi:10.1080/10837450.2020.1849283

Cited by 29 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Afterwards, the EC and PVP solutions were also added under agitation for the time required until complete homogenization. The final dispersion was poured into circular plates for drying in a circulating air oven at 50 °C for 4 h. Afterwards, the films were removed from the molds and macroscopically evaluated for integrity, homogeneity, flexibility, presence of air bubbles, color and touch adhesion [ 18 ]. They were kept dry, at room temperature, and protected from light until the further analyses.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Three samples from each formulation, measuring 1 cm 2 , were oven-dried at 40 °C for 20 h, and weighed using analytical balance. Afterwards, the density of each film sample was determined according to the following equation [ 18 , 21 , 22 , 23 ]:

where D is the density (g/mL), m is the mass (g), A is the surface area (mm 2 ), and h is the thickness (mm) of film sample. At least three replicates were carried out to estimate the inherent variability of each analysis.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mechanical characteristics of film formulations were evaluated using a TA-XTplus texture analyzer (Stable Micro Systems, Surrey, UK) in tension mode. The resistance to applied tension, Young’s modulus, force required for breaking, and elongation (maximum distance traveled until braking of the sample) of samples were determined [ 18 , 25 ]. Briefly, the samples were cut 50 mm in length and 10 mm in width, with 15 mm of each end of the sample in contact with the base (plate) of the apparatus, so that 20 mm was exposed.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite them having displayed a prolonged release, the rapid effect of the drug has shown to be impaired [ 9 , 17 ]. In previous studies, we have developed mucoadhesive films comprising polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), and poloxamer 407 for pharmaceutical applications [ 18 ]. They showed good mucoadhesive properties and improved performances for fast drug delivery [ 19 , 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the objective of this work was to develop a mucoadhesive polymeric platform in the form of a fast-dissolving strip composed of PVA, PVP, and ethylcellulose for buccal delivery of tramadol. These polymers are already used in the composition of many pharmaceutical dosage forms and exhibit good performances, safeness and cytocompatibility [ 18 , 19 , 20 ]. Design, technological preparation, physicochemical and mechanical characterization, in vitro drug release, and mucoadhesiveness evaluations of the system were performed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Design of Mucoadhesive Strips for Buccal Fast Release of Tramadol

et al. 2021

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Tramadol hydrochloride is a synthetic analogue of codeine and shows activity on the central nervous system as an opioid agonist and inhibitor of serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake. It has been used for controlling moderate to severe pain. Mucoadhesive fast-dissolving films can present greater drug availability and patient acceptance when compared to the systems of peroral administration. The films were prepared using the solvent casting method with ethylcellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone and poly(vinyl alcohol). The effect of each polymer concentration was investigated using a 2³ factorial design with repetition at the central point. The formulations were subjected to physicochemical, mechanical, ex vivo mucoadhesive and in vitro drug release profile analysis. These properties were dependent on the polymeric composition (independent factors) of each system. The optimized formulations showed good macroscopic characteristics, improved resistance to bending, rigidity, rapid swelling up to 60 s, improved mechanical and mucoadhesive characteristics, and also fast dissolving and tramadol release. The optimized formulations constitute platforms and strategies to improve the therapy of tramadol with regard to availability at the site of application, considering the necessity of rapid pain relief, and show potential for in vivo evaluation.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Design of Mucoadhesive Strips for Buccal Fast Release of Tramadol

et al. 2021

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3D‐Printed Gelatin‐Based Scaffold Crosslinked by Genipin: Evaluation of Mechanical Properties and Biological Effect

Jovanović,

Petrović,

Stojanović

et al. 2024

Biopolymers

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In this study, scaffolds based on natural polymer gelatin A, blended with polyvinylpyrrolidone were crosslinked by genipin (0.5 and 1 wt%), in order to investigate their mechanical performance and potential for biomedical application. Semi‐solid extrusion (SSE) 3D printing technique was used, enabling in situ crosslinking of the blend during processing. Swelling test showed that the swelling ratio reduces with higher concentration of genipin due to an increased crosslinking. The FTIR analysis confirmed the crosslinking of scaffolds by genipin. DSC analysis and mechanical testing have shown improved thermal and mechanical properties. Morphological analysis of scaffolds by FESEM showed increased toughening of the material with the crosslinking. Tensile strength and microhardness showed a significant rise in scaffolds with the increase in genipin content, which was up to 93.8% and 125.3%, respectively. These findings were in accordance with morphological features present in samples. The biological effect of the scaffold matrix system was evaluated by qualitative and quantitative cytotoxicity assessment in vitro, demonstrating the absence of cytotoxicity in tested preparations in a direct test. The cytotoxicity index based on the metabolic activity of cells in an indirect test showed up to 20% reduction of viability compared with the control, confirming the absence of cytotoxicity, which was additionally verified by propidium iodine staining of the cells exposed to scaffolds. The presented gelatin‐based crosslinked scaffolds obtained by 3D printing represent good candidates for biomedical application and future research that includes further in vitro and in vivo analysis.

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