Multi-arm azobenzene liquid crystal based on cholic acid: synthesis and mesophase properties

Wang, Duo; Huang, Yu; Lv, Jin-Ming; Min, Yue; Quan, Yuan-Yuan; Ge, Li-Na; Tian, Ming; Yao, Dan-Shu

doi:10.1080/02678292.2018.1494341

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Among others, star-shaped azos, i.e., multi-photochromic compounds with azobenzene moieties attached to the central unit as arms, have received considerable attention in the research of the past decade. On one hand, such molecules combine mesomorphism and photoswitching [6,7,8], they can more effectively reply to the light stimulus (for example, during inscribing a surface relief grating) as compared to monomeric azos. On the other hand, they can be readily synthesized and purified, be either evaporated or cast from solution, build stable amorphous phases and exhibit more uniform physical properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stacks of Azobenzene Stars: Self-Assembly Scenario and Stabilising Forces Quantified in Computer Modelling

et al. 2019

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In this paper, the columnar supramolecular aggregates of photosensitive star-shaped azobenzenes with benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxamide core and azobenzene arms are analyzed theoretically by applying a combination of computer simulation techniques. Without a light stimulus, the azobenzene arms adopt the trans-state and build one-dimensional columns of stacked molecules during the first stage of the noncovalent association. These columnar aggregates represent the structural elements of more complex experimentally observed morphologies—fibers, spheres, gels, and others. Here, we determine the most favorable mutual orientations of the trans-stars in the stack in terms of (i) the π–π distance between the cores lengthwise the aggregate, (ii) the lateral displacements due to slippage and (iii) the rotation promoting the helical twist and chirality of the aggregate. To this end, we calculate the binding energy diagrams using density functional theory. The model predictions are further compared with available experimental data. The intermolecular forces responsible for the stability of the stacks in crystals are quantified using Hirshfeld surface analysis. Finally, to characterize the self-assembly mechanism of the stars in solution, we calculate the hydrogen bond lengths, the normalized dipole moments and the binding energies as functions of the columnar length. For this, molecular dynamics trajectories are analyzed. Finally, we conclude about the cooperative nature of the self-assembly of star-shaped azobenzenes with benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxamide core in aqueous solution.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First of all, this is manifested in different supramolecular structures the stars and the linear or cyclic [11] n -mers can build. Moreover, the branching results in lower melting temperatures, and lower viscosity [6,12,13], meaning that these properties are topology-dependent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stacks of Azobenzene Stars: Self-Assembly Scenario and Stabilising Forces Quantified in Computer Modelling

et al. 2019

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“…multiphotochromic compounds with azobenzene moieties attached to the central unit as arms, have received considerable research attention in the past decade. On the one side, such molecules combine mesomorphism and photoswitching [6][7][8], can more effectively reply to the light stimulus (for example, during inscribing a surface relief grating) as compared to monomeric azos. On the other side, they can be readily synthesized and purified, be either evaporated or cast from solution, build stable amorphous phases and exhibit more uniform physical properties, and there is no dilution of chromophores or the effects coming from entanglements unlike azo-photochromic polymers and composite polymer systems [9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the branching results in lower melting temperatures, lower viscosity, etc. [6,12,13], meaning that these properties are topology-dependent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are several classifications of star-shaped azos: they may differ in (i) the number of arms (three [9,10,[14][15][16][17][18][19][20], four [7,21,22], six [23][24][25], nine [26]), (ii) in their centres (nitrogen [9,19], phosphorus [27], silicon [28] or carbon atoms [21,22], benzene [14,16,20,[29][30][31][32], polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons [25,33], heterocyclic hydrocarbons [34][35][36][37], some chiral groups [6] or bio-active residues [38]), (iii) in the way azobenzenes are attached to the centre (covalently or noncovalently [39]), (iv) in their conformational rigidity (flexible or rigid), (v) in their overall geometry (quasi-planar or 3D). Both the conformational rigidity and the shape of the star are closely related to the chemical nature of the star core, for instance, the planar conjugated fragment in the absence of any fatty linkers between the centre and the azobenzene arms supports the planarity of the star and its rigidity, and vice versa, long hydrocarbon linkers provokes its conformational flexibility [8,30,31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stacks of Azobenzene Stars: Self-Assembly Scenario and Stabilising Forces Quantified in Computer Modelling

Savchenko

Koch

Pavlov

et al. 2019

Preprint

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In this paper, the columnar supramolecular aggregates of photosensitive star-shaped azobenzenes with benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxamide core and azobenzene arms are analysed theoretically applying a combination of computer simulation techniques. Without a light stimulus, the trans-stars build one-dimensional columns of stacked molecules during the first stage of the noncovalent association. These columnar aggregates represent the structural elements of more complex experimentally observed morphologies -- fibers, spheres, gels and others. Upon UV light exposure, the azobenzene arms isomerise from thermodynamically stable planar trans- to a metastable kinked cis-state influencing the aggregate morphology. Here, we determine the most favourable mutual orientations of the \textit{trans}-stars in the stack in terms of (i) the pi-pi distance between the cores lengthwise the aggregate, (ii) the star slipped displacements and (iii) the rotation promoting the helical twist and chirality of the aggregate by calculating the binding energy diagrams using density functional theory. The model predictions are further compared with available experimental data. The intermolecular forces responsible for the stability of the stacks made of trans-azobenzene stars in crystals are quantified using Hirshfeld surface analysis. Finally, to characterize the self-assembly mechanism of such stars in solution, we calculate the hydrogen bond lengths, the normalized dipole moment and the binding energies as the functions of the columnar length using molecular dynamics trajectories, and conclude about the cooperative nature of this process.

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Water driven transformation of a nonionic microemulsion into liquid crystalline phase: Structural characterizations and drug release behavior

Gandhi

Khan

Rathod

et al. 2021

Journal of Molecular Liquids

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Multi-arm azobenzene liquid crystal based on cholic acid: synthesis and mesophase properties

Cited by 14 publications

References 39 publications

Stacks of Azobenzene Stars: Self-Assembly Scenario and Stabilising Forces Quantified in Computer Modelling

Stacks of Azobenzene Stars: Self-Assembly Scenario and Stabilising Forces Quantified in Computer Modelling

Stacks of Azobenzene Stars: Self-Assembly Scenario and Stabilising Forces Quantified in Computer Modelling

Water driven transformation of a nonionic microemulsion into liquid crystalline phase: Structural characterizations and drug release behavior

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