Multi-contaminant analysis of organophosphate and halogenated flame retardants in food matrices using ultrasonication and vacuum assisted extraction, multi-stage cleanup and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

Xu, Feng; García-Bermejo, Ángel; Malarvannan, Govindan; Gómara, Belén; Neels, Hugo; Covaci, Adrian

doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2015.05.001

Cited by 84 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The sample preparation and analysis method were described in details by Xu et al (2015) and are given in the Supplementary Information (SI). Briefly, about 2 g freeze-dried yolk or whole egg sample (for albumen only 1 g was used) was spiked with IS (MEH-TBB, MBEH-TEBP, TAP, TPHP-D 15 , TDCIPP-D 15 and TCEP-D 12 ), then extracted with ultrasonication and vortexation in 5 mL acetonitrile:toluene (9:1, v/v).…”

Section: Sample Preparation and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dietary intake has been considered as an important human exposure pathway for persistent FRs, but data about less persistent FRs in food is still limited (Domingo, 2014;Xu et al, 2015). Eggs from free-range chicken were recognized as to have higher level of organic pollutants than eggs from caged chicken and other food, due to the (more) intensive contact of hens with the environment (Covaci et al, 2009;Domingo, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phosphate flame retardants and novel brominated flame retardants in home-produced eggs from an e-waste recycling region in China

Zheng

Luo

et al. 2016

Chemosphere

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h i g h l i g h t sEH-TBB, BEH-TEBP and PFRs were measured in free-range chicken eggs. Chlorinated PFRs had higher detection frequencies than non-chlorinated PFRs in eggs. TPHP had a higher detection frequency in albumen; BEH-TEBP was higher in yolks. Dust ingestion is a more important pathway than egg intake in human exposure to PFRs. a r t i c l e i n f o b s t r a c tPhosphate flame retardants (PFRs) and novel brominated flame retardants (NBFRs) (2-ethylhexyl-2,3,4,5-tetrabromo-benzoate (EH-TBB) and bis-(2-ethylhexyl)-3,4,5,6-tetrabromo-phthalate (BEH-TEBP)) were measured in free-range chicken eggs from three e-waste recycling sites and a negative control site located in Guangdong province, Southern China. BEH-TEBP, tris-(chloroethyl)-phosphate (TCEP), tris-(chloropropyl)-phosphate ( P TCPP, two isomers) and tris-(1,3-dichloroisopropyl)-phosphate (TDCIPP) were detected in more than 50% of eggs samples with low concentrations. The median values of BEH-TEBP and total PFRs were 0.17e0.46 ng/g ww (wet weight) and 1.62e2.59 ng/g ww in eggs from the e-waste sites, respectively. The results indicate that EH-TBB, BEH-TEBP and PFRs are less persistent and bioaccumulative than polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in chicken eggs, and possibly also in other bio-matrices. Triphenyl phosphate (TPHP) were identified in albumen with higher frequencies, but at similar concentrations compared to yolk, while BEH-TEBP was mainly detected in yolk. The estimated daily intake (EDI) of BEH-TEBP and total PFRs from consumption of chicken eggs ranged from 0.03 to 0.09 and 0.32e0.52 ng/kg bw/day for adults, and 0.20e0.54 and 1.89e3.02 ng/kg bw/day for children in ewaste sites, respectively. Indoor dust ingestion seems to be a more important pathway for the intake of these FRs, while egg consumption is probably a more important exposure pathway for PBDEs.

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Section: Sample Preparation and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphate flame retardants and novel brominated flame retardants in home-produced eggs from an e-waste recycling region in China

Zheng

Luo

et al. 2016

Chemosphere

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“…Since PTV inlets allows a higher injection volume (up to 125 mL) [75], it may help to achieve good LODs, thus this technique is becoming more and more popular in the analysis of PBDEs and their metabolites in seafood samples [68,76,77]. The use of PTV requires a previous optimization (e.g.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It seems that, regardless of matrix fat content, a single SPE step is enough to yield adequate recovery rates [46,56,57,66,67], although more exhaustive cleanup (up to three sequential SPE) can also be employed, even for low fat samples [58,68]. Additionally, different eluents can be sequentially added for fractionation, thus separating PBDEs from MeO-PBDEs and OH-PBDEs, in order to improve chromatographic resolution [69].…”

Section: Solid-phase Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Polybrominated diphenyl ethers and metabolites – An analytical review on seafood occurrence

Cruz

Cunha

Marques

et al. 2017

TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry

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a b s t r a c tEnvironmental health is systematically compromised by persistent toxic substances, which may have serious implications in terms of food safety issues and, thus, in general public health. In this context, polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and their biologically active metabolites have been increasingly assessed in seafood, the main route of human exposure.As a consequence, a multiplicity of solvent-assisted analytical approaches is now available to accurately determine tiny amounts of these contaminants in complex matrices, like seafood. However, the majority of analytical procedures lead to high organic solvent consumption, thereby also contributing to the deterioration of environmental health.The current review provides up-to-date information and critical discussion regarding the most common methodologies applied in the determination of PBDEs and their metabolites in seafood (2006 e2016), from sample preparation to instrumental analysis. The ultimate goals of this comprehensive survey are to sensitize field researchers to work under the principles of green chemistry and to improve the global consciousness on the potential necessity of their regulation in foodstuffs.

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Quality Control in Foods, State of the Art and Prospects

Reyes

García

2016

Encyclopedia of Analytical Chemistry

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Quality control (QC) of food includes control of authenticity, origin, properties or attributes, composition, and safety involving all steps of the global supply chain – from the raw material up to the final product sold on the supermarket shelf. Despite the great concern regarding their quality, these products are currently monitored and certified by means of paper documentation, some targeted analysis, and sensory properties. This article encompasses a revision on the instrumental analytical techniques, methods, and systems used in food QC together with their main applications and a brief historical perspective on food analysis, together with a deep revision on the current state of art of modern analytical instruments, methodologies, and applications in the QC of food in order to establish Quo Vadis QC of foods. This article also discusses the present and future challenges in QC of food, the need for faster techniques, the prospect of advanced imaging techniques, and the application of ‘omic’ in food QC (including metabolomics, proteomics, etc.)

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Multi-contaminant analysis of organophosphate and halogenated flame retardants in food matrices using ultrasonication and vacuum assisted extraction, multi-stage cleanup and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

Cited by 84 publications

References 31 publications

Phosphate flame retardants and novel brominated flame retardants in home-produced eggs from an e-waste recycling region in China

Phosphate flame retardants and novel brominated flame retardants in home-produced eggs from an e-waste recycling region in China

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers and metabolites – An analytical review on seafood occurrence

Quality Control in Foods, State of the Art and Prospects

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