Multi-Dimensional Modeling of Direct-Injection Diesel Spray Liquid Length and Flame Lift-off Length using CFD and Parallel Detailed Chemistry

Senecal, P. K.; Pomraning, Eric; Richards, Keith; Briggs, Thomas; Choi, C. Y.; McDavid, Robert M.; Patterson, Mark

doi:10.4271/2003-01-1043

Cited by 466 publications

(197 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The RANS-based turbulent models are used throughout the simulations presented in this work. The SAGE detailed chemistry solver [32] along with multi-zone approach is used as a combustion sub-model. The NOx and soot emissions are enabled using the extended Zel'dovich NOx [33] and Hiroyasu soot [34] models, respectively.…”

Section: Numerical Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of In-Cylinder Mixing on Low Octane Gasoline Compression Ignition Combustion

Badra

Elwardany

Sim

et al. 2016

SAE Technical Paper Series

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Gasoline compression ignition (GCI) engines have been considered an attractive alternative to traditional spark ignition engines. Low octane gasoline fuel has been identified as a viable option for the GCI engine applications due to its longer ignition delay characteristics compared to diesel and in the volatility range of gasoline fuels. In this study, we have investigated the effect of different injection timings at part-load conditions using light naphtha stream in single cylinder engine experiments in the GCI combustion mode with injection pressure of 130 bar. A toluene primary reference fuel (TPRF) was used as a surrogate for the light naphtha in the engine simulations performed here. A physical surrogate based on the evaporation characteristics of the light naphtha has been developed and its properties have been implemented in the engine simulations. Full cycle GCI computational fluid dynamics (CFD) engine simulations have been successfully performed while changing the start of injection (SOI) timing from -50° to -11 ° CAD aTDC. The effect of SOI on mixing and combustion phasing was investigated using detailed equivalence ratio-temperature maps and ignition delay times. Both experimental and computational results consistently showed that an SOI of -30° CAD aTDC has the most advanced combustion phasing (CA50), with the highest NOx emission. The effects of the SOI on the fuel containment in the bowl of the piston, the ignition delay time, combustion rate and emissions have been carefully examined through the CFD calculations. It was found that the competition between the equivalence ratio and temperature is the controlling parameter in determining the combustion phasings.

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Section: Numerical Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of In-Cylinder Mixing on Low Octane Gasoline Compression Ignition Combustion

Badra

Elwardany

Sim

et al. 2016

SAE Technical Paper Series

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“…. ) and compute chemical composition or reaction rate in each computational cell accordingly [9,24]. Among the available approaches, both Representative Interactive Flamelets (RIF) and zero-dimensional Conditional Moment Closure (CMC) operate a coordinate transformation that makes possible to solve the diffusionreaction problem in the mixture fraction space, that is considered to be the predominant variable in non-premixed combustion problems [2,27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computational fluid dynamics modeling of combustion in heavy-duty diesel engines

D’Errico

Onorati

Hardy³

2014

International Journal of Engine Research

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The design and optimization stages of combustion systems for modern Heavy Duty Diesel engines must be supported by reliable CFD tools for the definition of the chamber geometry and injection strategy. To be fully predictive in terms of in-cylinder thermodynamics and flame structure, the employed combustion models must account for complex chemistry and turbulence-kinetics interactions. Within this context, the authors have implemented into an opensource code a model based on the multiple Representative Interactive Flamelets approach (mRIF ) and applied it to Diesel combustion simulations. New numerical techniques were integrated in the proposed mRIF model in order to speed up the CPU time in integrating chemistry and the β-pdf of the chemical species to compute composition in the CFD domain. A parallel validation was performed both with constant-volume and Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine experiments, selecting similar operating conditions. In such way, both flame structure and heat release rate predictions are analyzed and the model capabilities with respect to its set-up and mesh structure are assessed. IntroductionDevelopment of heavy duty Diesel engines is strongly affected by more and more demanding requirements for a contemporary reduction of both fuel consumption and pollutant emissions. To fulfill such objectives, a combination and integration of different technologies is necessary: efficient combustion systems, engine downsizing, new after-treatment devices and heat recovery [7,11,8,19]. In particular, fuel-air mixing and combustion processes must be investigated and optimized in detail since they both affect the quality of exhaust gases and energy conversion efficiency. Within this context, promising solutions appear to be the use of very high injection pressures (up to 3000 bar), further increase of full-load bmep, extension of engine operating range with advanced combustion 1

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“…The initial conditions inside the chamber are kept constant for all the cases at 1000 K and 1 bar, and zero heat flux boundary condition is chosen for the chamber walls. For combustion modeling, SAGE detailed chemistry solver [19], which calculates the reaction rates for each elementary reaction, is used. A 1-equation dynamic structure type of Large Eddy Simulation (LES) is implemented for turbulence modeling.…”

Section: Numerical Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Mixedness on Ignition for Hydrogen Direct Injection in a Constant Volume Combustion Chamber

Shahsavan¹,

Morovatiyan²,

Mack³

2018

Preprint

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Abstract:The ignition behavior of the fuel in non-premixed turbulent combustion applications such as diesel engines and gas turbines is dependent on the mixing rate of the injected fuel and the working fluid. In this study, three-dimensional modeling of hydrogen injection into a constant volume combustion chamber (CVCC) is used to investigate the correlation between the mixing rate and important parameters of nonpremixed combustion, such as ignition delay. Mixedness is quantified using mean spatial variation, which reflects the homogeneity of the mixture, and mean scalar dissipation, which represents the local gradients of the scalar. The case studies include nitrogen and argon as working fluids; injection velocities and nozzle diameters are varied for comparison. For consistency, the injected mass is kept constant and the injection duration is adjusted accordingly. The results indicate that a strong correlation exists between ignition delay and the defined mixedness parameters. The cases with higher mixedness values lead to a shorter ignition delay and a higher maximum flame temperature. Changing the working fluid and injection parameters can effectively modify the mixedness, and consequently affect the ignition onset and flame properties.

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Multi-Dimensional Modeling of Direct-Injection Diesel Spray Liquid Length and Flame Lift-off Length using CFD and Parallel Detailed Chemistry

Cited by 466 publications

References 26 publications

Effects of In-Cylinder Mixing on Low Octane Gasoline Compression Ignition Combustion

Effects of In-Cylinder Mixing on Low Octane Gasoline Compression Ignition Combustion

Computational fluid dynamics modeling of combustion in heavy-duty diesel engines

The Influence of Mixedness on Ignition for Hydrogen Direct Injection in a Constant Volume Combustion Chamber

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