The impact of gate-pitch scaling on device internal and external resistance is examined by advanced process and device modeling including distributed contact resistance model, mechanical stress and Monte Carlo (MC)-based stressdependent mobility model. The contact resistance components and their major parameters in sub-50nm contact regime are analyzed by TCAD and transmission line modeling (TLM). The calibration method for the stress-induced channel mobility and the external resistance is proposed using R on -L gate measurements of 32nm-node devices with different gatepitches. The significant performance degradation due to simple gate-pitch scaling is predicted for 20nm-node technology with sub-100nm gate-pitch.
I. INTRDUCTIONStress engineering using etch stop liner (ESL) or dual stress liner (DSL) has become one of the main performance element to enhance channel mobility in recent nano-meter scale CMOS technologies [1]. However, as the gate pitch aggressively scales down into sub-100nm regime with continuous technology scaling beyond 32nm-node [2], the two primary concerns and critical challenges for the device performance are being addressed as illustrated in Fig. 1: First, the stress effect associated with liner can be weakened by the narrower distance between neighboring gates which can be the effective space for transferring liner stress into channel. Second, this narrowed gate-space would lead to significant increase in the external resistance, R ext , since the silicide contact length, L con becomes shorter than the contact transfer length and hence will directly increase the contact resistance, R co [3].In this paper, the impact of gate-pitch scaling on device performance element is examined by advanced process and device modeling including the distributed contact resistance model, mechanical stress and Monte Carlo (MC)-based stress-dependent mobility model. The gate length dependence and the pitch dependence and tensile liner stress effect on the internal and external resistances are correlated to measured R on -L gate response of 32nm-node NFETs and applied for 20nm-node technology performance prediction.
Effective Space for Contact Resistance and Liner StressL con L gate Gate Pitch Simulation Structure Stress Liner Gate Silicide Figure 1. Schematic illustration of device structure with gate pitch. The effective space transferring liner stress into channel and the silicide contact resistance are scaled with the aggressive shrink of gate-pitch.
II. TCAD MODELING AND ANALYSISTCAD process and device modeling using Sentaurus process and device simulator are developed to reflect IBM 32nm high-k/metal gate bulk CMOS technology. Starting from the advanced calibration models, the basic 1-dimentional (1D) and 2-dimentional (2D) parameters are calibrated using experimental data such as device geometries, doping profiles and long and short channel electrical data.
A. Impact on Contact ResistanceIn order to understand the gate-pitch dependence on contact resistance, the detailed silicide contact parameter study is ...