Multi-residual Pesticide Monitoring in Commercial Chinese Herbal Medicines by Gas Chromatography–Triple Quadrupole Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Tong, Hefang; Yan-ling, Tong; Xue, Jiaying; Liu, Dongjing; XiaoBo, Wu

doi:10.1007/s12161-013-9609-5

Cited by 32 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The literature describes many analytical methods available for the determination of pesticide residues in plant material and soil samples. To a large extent, these methods are based on traditional approaches: soxhlet extraction [14][15][16] , solid phase extraction 17,18 , pressurised liquid extraction 19,20 , matrix solid-phase dispersion 21,22 , solid-phase microextraction 23,24 , or dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction 25 . Currently, the QuEChERS procedure 26 is one of the most commonly used analytical methods for the determination of pesticides residues, and frequently this procedure is modified in terms of amounts and types of reagents, as well as available equipment [27][28][29][30] .…”

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confidence: 99%

The difference in dissipation of clomazone and metazachlor in soil under field and laboratory conditions and their uptake by plants

Szpyrka

Słowik‐Borowiec

Książek

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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The study concerned dissipation of metazachlor and clomazone, herbicides widely used in rapeseed (Brassica napus L. subsp. napus) protection, applied to the clay soil under field and laboratory conditions. Furthermore, the uptake of these pesticide from soil by rapeseed plants was investigated under field conditions. An additional aim of this work was to modify the QuEChERS method for the determination of metazachlor and clomazone in the plant material. Analytical procedures for metazachlor and clomazone qualification and quantification in rapeseed plants and soil were developed, using gas chromatography with an micro electron capture detector (GC-μECD) and a mass detector (GC-MS/MS QqQ) as confirmation. Dissipation kinetics of herbicide residues in soil were described as first-order equations. The analytical performance was very satisfactory and confirmed that the methods meet the requirements of the European Commission. In the conducted field experiments it was found that dissipation of clomazone and metazachlor in clay soil follows first-order kinetics (R 2 between 0.964 and 0.978), and half-lives were 9.5 days and 10.2 days for clomazone and metazachlor, respectively. Under laboratory conditions, dissipation of clomazone and metazachlor in soil also follows first-order kinetics (R 2 between 0.937 and 0.938), and half-lives were 8.8 days and 5.7 days for clomazone and metazachlor, respectively. Residues of both herbicides in rape plants 22 days after application of herbicides were below the maximum residue levels for Brassica plants. Metazachlor and clomazone dissipate very fast in clay soil and their uptake by rape plants is very low.

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confidence: 99%

The difference in dissipation of clomazone and metazachlor in soil under field and laboratory conditions and their uptake by plants

Szpyrka

Słowik‐Borowiec

Książek

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…The LOD and LOQ values were defined as the pesticide concentrations for which the signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio was three and 10 times above the blank signal, respectively, at the lowest concentration levels for each matrix [ 23 ]. In this work, the LODs of the four pesticides were estimated to be 2.0 and 5.0 ng·mL −1 for tea and tea infusion samples, respectively, and the corresponding LOQs were 10.0 ng·mL −1 in both cases.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Affecting Transfer of Pyrethroid Residues from Herbal Teas to Infusion and Influence of Physicochemical Properties of Pesticides

Xiao

Fang

et al. 2017

IJERPH

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The transfer of pesticide residues from herbal teas to their infusion is a subject of particular interest. In this study, a multi-residue analytical method for the determination of pyrethroids (fenpropathrin, beta-cypermethrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, and fenvalerate) in honeysuckle, chrysanthemum, wolfberry, and licorice and their infusion samples was validated. The transfer of pyrethroid residues from tea to infusion was investigated at different water temperatures, tea/water ratios, and infusion intervals/times. The results show that low amounts (0–6.70%) of pyrethroids were transferred under the different tea brewing conditions examined, indicating that the infusion process reduced the pyrethroid content in the extracted liquid by over 90%. Similar results were obtained for the different tea varieties, and pesticides with high water solubility and low octanol–water partition coefficients (log Kow) exhibited high transfer rates. Moreover, the estimated values of the exposure risk to the pyrethroids were in the range of 0.0022–0.33, indicating that the daily intake of the four pyrethroid residues from herbal tea can be regarded as safe. The present results can support the identification of suitable tea brewing conditions for significantly reducing the pesticide residue levels in the infusion.

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“…Sample preparation for the analysis of pesticide residues in herbs commonly involves Soxhlet extraction (Rao et al 2011), microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) (Wan et al 2010), matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD) (Łozowicka et al 2013), solid-phase microextraction (SPME) (Hwang and Lee 2000), ultrasonic extraction (Tong et al 2014), and so on (Table 1). Some research works have reported pesticide residues in herbal material but were mainly based on surveying and monitoring market samples (Rao et al 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modification of Multiresidue QuEChERS Protocol to Minimize Matrix Effect and Improve Recoveries for Determination of Pesticide Residues in Dried Herbs Followed by GC-MS/MS

2017

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An accurate, rapid, and reliable multiresidue QuEChERS method based on gas chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry was developed for the determination of 235 pesticides in challenging, dry, complex herb matrices (Centaurea cyanus L., Matricaria chamomilla L., Thymus vulgaris L.). Sample mass and the type of cleanup sorbent used to estimate the procedure's effectiveness were optimized. Purification steps with ChloroFiltr, ENVI-Carb, GCB, octadecyl, PSA, and Z-Sep as cleanup sorbents and a step without purification were compared. To minimize the matrix effect and obtain acceptable recoveries for pesticides, 2 g of herb sample and 10 mL acetonitrile, followed by d-SPE cleanup step with a combination of 150 mg PSA/ 45 mg ENVI-Carb/900 mg MgSO 4 , and additionally 50 μL of 5% formic acid and some droplets of dodecane, were needed. Matrix effects for the vast majority of pesticides were reduced (> 20%), showing suppression or enhancement. Most recoveries were in the range of 70-120% (RSD < 18%), reaching the quantification limit of 0.001 to 0.002 mg kg −1 . There was excellent linearity within the range from 0.001 to 2.00 μg mL −1 , and a correlation coefficient higher than 0.999 was obtained. Expanded measurement uncertainty was estimated to be between 4 and 43%. Finally, the developed method was successfully employed to identify and quantify pesticide residues in the analysis of 46 real herb samples.

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Multi-residual Pesticide Monitoring in Commercial Chinese Herbal Medicines by Gas Chromatography–Triple Quadrupole Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Cited by 32 publications

References 19 publications

The difference in dissipation of clomazone and metazachlor in soil under field and laboratory conditions and their uptake by plants

The difference in dissipation of clomazone and metazachlor in soil under field and laboratory conditions and their uptake by plants

Factors Affecting Transfer of Pyrethroid Residues from Herbal Teas to Infusion and Influence of Physicochemical Properties of Pesticides

Modification of Multiresidue QuEChERS Protocol to Minimize Matrix Effect and Improve Recoveries for Determination of Pesticide Residues in Dried Herbs Followed by GC-MS/MS

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