Multiple actin-related sequences in the Drosophila melanogaster genome

Tobin, Sara L.; Zulauf, Erich; Sánchez, Federico; Craig, Elizabeth A.; McCarthy, Brian J.

doi:10.1016/0092-8674(80)90393-1

Cited by 154 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…There are approximately 17 actin-encoding sequences in the genome of Dictyostelhum discoideum (15) and 6 in the genome of Drosophila melanogaster (16,17). Although it is not yet clear what fraction of these sequences actually represent functional units that are transcribed, these results strongly suggest the presence of an actin multigene family within these two organisms.…”

mentioning

confidence: 64%

Organization of actin gene sequences in the sea urchin: molecular cloning of an intron-containing DNA sequence coding for a cytoplasmic actin.

Durica¹,

Schloss²,

Crain³

1980

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Southern transfer and solution hybridization experiments, using as probe a DNA fragment that Actin is common to all eukaryotes thus far examined, is highly conserved across phylogenetic lines, and has been identified in diverse cell types (1). In addition to its role in muscle contraction, actin has been implicated in various cellular activities including mitosis, cytoskeletal structure, and cell motility (2). This multiplicity of roles within the cell suggests that a number of different proteins, encoded by a family of related genes, could be performing these functions. At the protein level, three major actin variants-usually designated a, (3, and y-have been identified in several vertebrates (3-6). Actin variants of identical molecular weight and similar isoelectric points have also been observed in Drosophila (7-9), Dictyostelium (10), and the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus (unpublished data). The amino acid sequence of several of the vertebrate actin electrophoretic variants shows that they are encoded by different but related genes (11,12). Further support for a multiple gene family derives from the observation that mammalian cell a, (,anld y actin mRNAs differ in molecular weight and poly(A) content (13, 14).By using recombinant DNA technology, it is now possible to assay directly the frequency with which actin mRNA-complementary sequences are represented in genomic DNA. There are approximately 17 actin-encoding sequences in the genome of Dictyostelhum discoideum (15) and 6 in the genome of Drosophila melanogaster (16,17). Although it is not yet clear what fraction of these sequences actually represent functional units that are transcribed, these results strongly suggest the presence of an actin multigene family within these two organisms.An especially interesting feature of this family of genes is that they are expressed differently in several cell types, tissues, and developmental stages. This differential expression has been demonstrated both at the level of protein (3,5,18) and at the level of mRNA (4, 7). The actin genes thus constitute a multigene family whose coding sequences must be quite similar but whose different members may be associated with different regulatory regions or sequences in the genome. Detailed examination of this family of genes and their surrounding DNA sequences should ultimately provide information on the role of DNA organization in the regulation of actin gene expression.In this paper we report the construction and identification of two S. purpuratus genomic DNA clones that have sequence homology with actin mRNA and demonstrate that actin-encoding sequences exist in multiple copies within the genome of this organism. We further show that one of these recombinant plasmids contains sequences encoding a cytoplasmic form of actin, that the coding region on this plasmid is not contiguous, and that the intervening sequence shows similarities to intervening sequences observed in vertebrate genes. MATERIALS AND METHODSConstruction and Screening of Clones Containing...

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mentioning

confidence: 64%

Organization of actin gene sequences in the sea urchin: molecular cloning of an intron-containing DNA sequence coding for a cytoplasmic actin.

Durica¹,

Schloss²,

Crain³

1980

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…Ces domaines correspondent en fait aux propriétés fonctionnelles de la protéine : l'exon central correspond à la portion de la globine liant l'hème, tandis que les 2 exons terminaux sont plutôt impliqués dans les interactions globine-globine (Craik et al, 1980 (Slonimski, 1980 ;Jacq et al, 1980 (Gurdon, 1974 Houdebine, 1980 (Jost et al, 1977), des caséines (Houdebine, 1977) et de la fibroïne (Gage et Manning, 1977) n'existent qu'en nombre très faible dans les cellules où ils s'expriment, tout comme dans les cellules où ils ne s'expriment pas. Certains gènes existent cependant sous forme de familles qui correspondent à des protéines dont la structure peut présenter de légères différences (Kindle et Arnheim et al, 1973 ;Kemp, 1975 ;Lockett et al, 1979 ;Bhat et al, 1980 ;VNahli et Dawid, 1980 ;Tobin et al, 1980 Dunnick, 1979 McKnight et al, 1980). L'impact du complexe stéroïde-récep-teur ne semble pas être ponctuel, car c'est une proportion importante de la chromatine qui change de conformation dans ces conditions Vic et al, 1978).…”

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Le contrôle de la synthèse protéique dans les cellules des eucaryotes

Houdebiné¹

1981

Reprod. Nutr. Dévelop.

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“…In addition, three of the four a-tubulin genes are located between regions 84B and 85E on the third chromosome of Drosophila (Kalfayan and Wensink, 1981). However, the genes encoding three subunits of a larval serum protein (Smith et al, 1981) and those encoding six actin proteins (Fryberg et al, 1980;Tobin et al, 1980) are dispersed on Drosophila chromosomes. Further, extensive genetic studies have shown that genes affecting the same phenotype in Drosophila are not necessarily linked, for example, genes affecting eye color and those affecting body color occur on the first, second, and third chromosomes (Lindsley and Grell, 1968).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The selection, expression, and organization of a set of head-specific genes in Drosophila

Lévy

Ganguly

et al. 1982

Developmental Biology

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Comparative screening of a library of cloned Drosophila DNA with polyadenylated mRNA from Drosophila adult head and adult body identified 20 cloned sequences expressed more abundantly in the tissues of the head than in other tissues. Quantitati.on using a "dot blot" hybridization assay demonstrated that the DNA sequences are expressed on adult head polysomes from 3 to 177 times more abundantly than on body polysomes, and their transcripts represent from 0.05 to 0.6656 of the polyadenylated mRNA mass of the head. The steady-state nuclear RNA concentrations of four species were (determined to be from 13 to 48 times greater in head nuclei than in body nuclei, an indication that their expression is controlled at least in part at the transcriptional level. The chromosomal locations of all 20 headspecific clones were identified by in situ mapping, and no distinct clustering was observed. However, four of the clones were shown by Southern and Northern blot analysis to contain multiple RNA coding sequences. The genes in these tightly clustered ssets were observed to be expressed simultaneously in some cases and differently in others.

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Multiple actin-related sequences in the Drosophila melanogaster genome

Cited by 154 publications

References 25 publications

Organization of actin gene sequences in the sea urchin: molecular cloning of an intron-containing DNA sequence coding for a cytoplasmic actin.

Organization of actin gene sequences in the sea urchin: molecular cloning of an intron-containing DNA sequence coding for a cytoplasmic actin.

Le contrôle de la synthèse protéique dans les cellules des eucaryotes

The selection, expression, and organization of a set of head-specific genes in Drosophila

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