Multiple-Frequency DBIM-TwIST Algorithm for Microwave Breast Imaging

Abstract

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Zinc oxide nanoparticles as contrast‐enhancing agents for microwave imaging

“…The minimum and maximum frequencies for the dielectric measurements was set to 1 and 4 GHz, respectively. This range was chosen as it is the relevant frequency range for microwave tomography studies . The probe operates between 0.5 and 50 GHz and needs a minimum of 5 mm sample thickness for measurements.…”

“…This range was chosen as it is the relevant frequency range for microwave tomography studies. 23 The probe operates between 0.5 and 50 GHz and needs a minimum of 5 mm sample thickness for measurements. The ideal measurement requires the immersion of the probe into an isotropic medium.…”

Feasibility Study of Enhancing Microwave Brain Imaging Using Metamaterials

“…To this end, we carried out single-frequency and multi-frequency (frequency hopping) reconstructions, assuming approximate knowledge of the brain tissue and bone as initial guess for our DBIM algorithm. Details of how the algorithm is applied can be found in our previous work [51,52]. Frequency hopping reconstruction results of the estimated dielectric contrast are shown in Figure 15, where five equally spaced frequencies were used in the interval 0.8-2.0 GHz.…”

“…Comparing the images produced from data with and without the MM shows a clear improvement in image quality when the MM layers are added to each antenna element. In particular, a reduction of artefacts and a better localization of the blood target are observed for the Finally, we have applied our 2D DBIM-TwIST algorithm [51,52] to the simulated data plotted in Figure 14 to test the MM's impact on image reconstructions. To this end, we carried out single-frequency and multi-frequency (frequency hopping) reconstructions, assuming approximate knowledge of the brain tissue and bone as initial guess for our DBIM algorithm.…”

A Discrete Dipole Approximation Solver Based on the COCG-FFT Algorithm and Its Application to Microwave Breast Imaging

“…The choice of three or two-dimensional imaging algorithms has considerable impact on the computation time and necessary hardware resources [17,18]. Investigations into 3D imaging are considerably more common than that for 2D because of the superior measurement model match despite the associated costs [16,19]. For many groups investigating microwave imaging, the amount of 2 International Journal of Antennas and Propagation measurement data required is often a significant barrier to real 3D implementations [20,21].…”