Multiple Pathways: The Influence Mechanism of Greenspace Exposure on Mental Health—A Case Study of Hangzhou, China

Abstract

Greenspace exposure (GSE) may have a positive impact on mental health. However, existing research lacks a classification analysis of the influence pathways of different GSE on mental health. Meanwhile, the research method is limited to the measurement of the green space ratio (GSR) based on remote sensing data, which ignores people’s real perception of greenspace. This paper aims to further expand the measurement method of GSE, taking Hangzhou, China as an example, and to reveal the influence mechanism of different GSE modes on mental health. We obtained the personal information, mental health, physical activity, and other data of the interviewees through a questionnaire (n = 461). Combined with a remote sensing satellite and the Baidu Street view database, the method of image interpretation and deep learning was used to obtain the GSR, green visual ratio (GVR), and green visual exposure (GVE). The structural equation model is used to analyze the relationship between different variables. The results showed that: (1) GSE has a certain positive effect on mental health; (2) there are differences in the influence mechanism of multiple measures of GSE on mental health—the GVR and GVE measures based on the interaction perspective between human and greenspace make the influence mechanism more complicated, and produce direct and indirect influence paths; and (3) greenspace perception, sense of community, and physical activity can act as mediators, and have indirect effects. Finally, we call for expanding the measurement index and methods of GSE and integrating them into the management and control practices of urban planning to promote the healthy development of communities and even cities.

Spatiotemporal coupling analysis of land urbanization and carbon emissions: A case study of Zhejiang Province, China

“…As the provincial capital and central city of the Yangtze River Delta, Hangzhou has always been the center of social, economic, and cultural development in Zhejiang Province. Related research has shown that since the Reform and Opening Up, especially in the past 20 years, Hangzhou's economy has rapidly developed (Lu et al, 2021), with the urban land area increasing annually (Figure 7). This has become the main driving force for shifting the gravity center of urban land to the northwest.…”

“…As shown in Figure 5a This reveals that, concerning geographic location, the urban land and carbon emissions were not evenly distributed. Hangzhou's economy has rapidly developed (Lu et al, 2021), with the urban land area increasing annually (Figure 7). This has become the main driving force for shifting the gravity center of urban land to the northwest.…”

The Positioning of Mental Health Education in Social Work under the Healthy China Strategy

“…In the process of individual socialization, the harmonious development of personality constitutes the core component of the overall quality. The criteria of personality health include at least three aspects: good realistic perception, a good understanding of self, and a positive attitude towards life [ 12 ]. A person with a healthy personality can correctly understand the real environment, have appropriate behavior and emotional response, have a good interpersonal relationship, can be self-pleasing, have basic accurate self-expression cognition and no inferiority, and can adjust and control your emotions; able to face life with a positive attitude, dare to bear setbacks, dare to overcome difficulties, and have good behavior.…”

“…There is a basic contradiction between adaptation and development, and the imbalance of this contradictory relationship will inevitably lead to mental health [ 15 ]. Psychological education focuses on the development of students' potential so as to drive the overall progress of students [ 12 ].…”

Urban Diversity Impact on Plant Species Due to Environmental Conditions

“…Various researches have been conducted on the development of road greening in Karachi. These studies focused on the ecological functions of road greening plants [7][8][9], overall effects [10], planting patterns [11][12], community structure, etc., and from the outside, the road plants can fix carbon and release carbon. Oxygen, improving the environment, and forming life materials in different seasons are unique.…”