Multiple-Station Measurements of a Return-Stroke Electric Field From Rocket-Triggered Lightning at Distances of 68–126 km

Lightning electric‐field waveforms associated with transmission‐line faults

“…The values in the presented paper are larger than those in [26], which indicated the AM value of this parameter for 105 first strokes in negative CG lightning in Florida to be 4.4 µs and 220 subsequent negative strokes to be 2.8 µs. The corresponding values for rocket‐triggered lightning in [19] are slightly larger than those in the presented paper. The propagation effects which are affected by the background where the sensors are installed and various soil parameters can probably account for this [19].…”

“…The various electric‐field waveform parameters for lightning events associated with transmission‐line faults and the corresponding statistical characteristics (AM, GM, standard deviation (SD) of the logarithm (base of 10) of parameter, minimum and maximum) are summarised in Table 2, and similar definitions of the parameters of electric‐field waveforms in Fig. 3 could be found in [19, 20].…”

“…The presence of tall objects and transmission lines, due to the complex process of reflections from the object itself, ground and lightning channel, produce 15% larger field peak amplitude when the height of an independent tower is <100 m for fast‐rising current, and the increase of the field peak amplitude could be even 45% due to the presence of transmission lines [10]. Meanwhile, the related electric‐field characteristics from rocket‐triggered lightning [19] first return strokes and subsequent return strokes [20] were already extensively reported in previous literatures.…”

Measurement and Modeling of Both Distant and Close Electric Fields of an M‐Component in Rocket‐Triggered Lightning

“…The far electric field sensors belong to the Foshan Lightning Location Systems (FTLLS). The FTLLS has been developed and deployed by Wuhan University, and it started its operation in the summer of 2013 (Cai et al, 2019; Li et al, 2019; Wang et al, 2019). The network contains nine stations shown as red dots in Figure 1 and identified as LSZ, LPZ, DTZ, CCJ, BNZ, CCZ, LJZ, JAZ, and MCZ.…”

“…The information of the current and field parameters is presented in Table 1. The definition of the parameters is available in Wang et al (2019). The asymmetrical waveform coefficient (AsWC) of the current waveform has been defined in He, Azadifar, Rachidi, et al (2018).…”