Multiplication of Infectious Hematopoietic Necrosis Virus in Rainbow Trout following Immersion Infection: Whole-Body Assay and Immunohistochemistry

Yamamoto, T.; Batts, William N.; Arakawa, C. K.; Winton, James R.

doi:10.1577/1548-8667(1990)002<0271:moihnv>2.3.co;2

Cited by 45 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…However, the mortalities decreased considerably, suggesting that nonspecific immune mechanisms at epidermal and epithelial surfaces of the fish may be involved in the protection of the sole against VHSV. In fact, epidermal tissues have been reported to exert an important role in facilitating or denying the entry of virus in susceptible or resistant fish, respectively (Yamamoto et al 1990, Dorson & Torhy 1993. Another explanation could be the low level of virus in the water used for infection/challenge.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Susceptibility of juvenile sole Solea senegalensis to marine isolates of viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus from wild and farmed fish

López-Vázquez

Conde²,

Dopazo³

et al. 2011

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Susceptibility of juvenile sole Solea senegalensis to marine isolates of viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus from wild and farmed fish

López-Vázquez

Conde²,

Dopazo³

et al. 2011

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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“…This suggests that the virus may have been cleared from these areas and viral replication was not occurring at these later times. Yamamoto et al (1990Yamamoto et al ( , 1992 used immunohistochemistry and plaque assay to observe and quantify virus antigen in the skin of waterborne exposed fish and In excised epidermal tissues of rainbow trout. They suggested that the skin may be a portal of entry and viral replication may aid in horizontal transmission.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of mucosal immunity in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss challenged with infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus:identification of antiviral activity

Cain¹,

LaPatra²,

Baldwin³

et al. 1996

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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Cutaneous and lower gastromtestinal (GI) tract mucus of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mylclss were evaluated for inlmunological responses followvlg exposure to infectious hematopoietic necrosis w u s (IHNV) Juvenlle rainbow trout (mean weight 5 4 g) were infected w~t h IHNV (isolate 220-90) by waterborne exposure to 104 plaque formmg u n~t s (pfu) m1 ' or by a n inlection challenge of 104 pfu fish-' Cutaneous mucus and lower G1 tract washings were analyzed for vuus neutrahzing achvity (antiviral achvlty) usmg a complement-dependent neutrahzation procedure Antivual achvlty was pnrnanly detected in the G1 tract and was highest in mock mfected fish (not exposedrto w u s ) T h s activity decreased rapidly over time in fish challenged by the injection route Specific antibodes were not detected in cutaneous mucus or G1 tract washings by ELISA Virus was isolated in external and G1 tract mucus from both waterborne and injection challenged fish, and showed significantly h g h e r hters in fish challenged by the inlection route Histological exarmnation of fish exposed to IHNV showed a moderate inflammatory response in the mucosal ep~thehal layer of the skin ulth mmor focal areas of cellular necrosis in severely infected fish When the study was repeated m addltion to cutaneous mucus and G1 tract washings, serum was monitored for antibody production m juvenlle ralnbow trout (mean weight 2 4 g ) out to 28 days post-exposure (dpe) Anlviral activity was confirmed m the G1 mucus, and virus neutrahzing antibodies were detected in the serum at 21 and 28 dpe in IHNV challenged fish Anhbodies in slun and G1 mucus were not detected by ELISA Virus antigen was vlsuahzed by unrnunoh~stochemistry in the ludney spleen hver heart pancreatic tissue and smooth muscle of the stomach wall Results from these expenments reveal innate mechamsms of viral resistance w h c h may be unportant as a first line of defense against IHNV

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“…One of the first indications of the importance of the skin was the presence of high titres of IHNV in the external mucus (Lapatra et al 1989). Yamamoto et al (1990a) observed that IHNV replicated early in the skin of fins following whole fish waterborne infection and Yamamoto et al (1990b) indicated that an early replication of both rhabdoviruses occurred in the skin following water route infection as well as in vitro infection of excised pieces. A similar observation was made for infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV, Yamamoto & Hu 1991), and these authors made the interesting remark that differences in virus multiplication could parallel differences in the susceptibility of fish to the disease.…”

Section: Abstract: Rainbow Trout · Clones · Vhsv · Fin · Genetics · mentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus replication in excised fins of rainbow trout: correlation with resistance to waterborne challenge and genetic variation

Quillet

Dorson²,

Aubard³

et al. 2001

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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Multiplication of Infectious Hematopoietic Necrosis Virus in Rainbow Trout following Immersion Infection: Whole-Body Assay and Immunohistochemistry

Cited by 45 publications

References 10 publications

Susceptibility of juvenile sole Solea senegalensis to marine isolates of viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus from wild and farmed fish

Susceptibility of juvenile sole Solea senegalensis to marine isolates of viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus from wild and farmed fish

Characterization of mucosal immunity in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss challenged with infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus:identification of antiviral activity

In vitro viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus replication in excised fins of rainbow trout: correlation with resistance to waterborne challenge and genetic variation

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