Mycoplasma bovis arthritis and pneumonia in calves in Jordan: An emerging disease

Abstract

Aim:Clinical, microbiological, molecular, and pathological assays were undertaken to characterize an outbreak of increasingly reported signs of unresponsive arthritis and pneumonia of Mycoplasma bovis infection in young calves in Jordan.Materials and Methods:Clinical history of the affected bovine herd was investigated for the presence of respiratory and/or joint problems. Two calves with such history were clinically examined and necropsied. Representative tissues were sent for microbiological, molecular, and pathological examinations for M. bovis infection.Results:The outbreak started in a herd of 220 nursing calves, 2 months before the receiving of two calves for postmortem examination. Clinically, respiratory signs and infection of one or more joints dominated in the affected calves. The morbidity and case fatality rates were 27.27% and 61.7%, respectively. The left carpal joint was markedly swollen in both calves and exhibited necrofibrinous to granulomatous arthritis in varying degrees of severity. The anteroventral lung lobes in both calves were consistently affected and revealed multifocal to coalescing severe necrogranulomatous and fibrinopurulent bronchopneumonia. Microbiological and molecular findings confirmed the pathological examination. Furthermore, bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) was diagnosed in one calf by histopathology and polymerase chain reaction.Conclusion:This investigation reports the first outbreak of M. bovis infection in calves located in Jordan that could occur concurrently with BVD.

Comparative Microbiomes of the Respiratory Tract and Joints of Feedlot Cattle Mortalities

“…Furthermore, higher Mycoplasma abundance both in joints and lungs of cases in the present study are supportive of mycoplasmas being a causative agent of BRD and septic arthritis [15,33], which when found concurrently in the same animal is known as chronic pneumonia polyarthritis syndrome (CPPS). In an outbreak of unresponsive arthritis and pneumonia as a result of M. bovis infection in young calves in Jordan, lesions mediated by M. bovis were found in both the lungs and joints [34]. Similar findings were reported in another study where the pulmonary lesions were accompanied by polyarthritis [35].…”

Mycoplasma bovis Mastitis

“…Mycoplasmas cause some of the most important livestock diseases listed by the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE), including contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP), contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP), contagious agalactia, and avian mycoplasmosis ( Nicholas et al., 2017 OIE, 2021 ;). Mycoplasma bovis (M. bovis) causes bovine mycoplasmoses worldwide manifested mainly as mastitis ( Hale et al., 1962 ), pneumonia ( Gourlay et al., 1976 ), endocarditis ( Kanda et al., 2019 ), arthritis ( Hananeh et al., 2018 ), and otitis ( Foster et al., 2009 ). Mastitis due to M. bovis has a global occurrence causing significant economic losses and animal welfare concerns ( Al-Farha et al., 2017 Hale et al., 1962 ; Junqueira et al., 2020 ; Lysnyansky et al., 2016 ;).…”

Identification and Genetic Characterization of Mycoplasma Species Affecting Respiratory System in Egyptian Cattle

“…M. bovis can transfer to the bloodstream and reach to joints, organs, and nerves. Commonly, it goes to the joints causing arthritis and tenosynovitis but can cause infection in the genitalia, udder, eyes, and ears (Hananeh et al, 2018). Diagnosis of Mycoplasma spp.…”