Myogenic differentiation of dermal papilla cells from bovine skin

Abstract

Cells from the dermal papilla and dermal sheath of hair follicles exhibit pronounced plasticity in vitro, being capable of adopting fat, bone, hematopoietic, and nerve cell phenotypes. In this study, we show that bovine dermal papilla cells (DPC) are also capable of undergoing skeletal muscle differentiation. DiI labeled DPC incorporated into myotubes when co-cultured with differentiating C(2)C(12) myoblasts. Bovine-specific PCR assays showed that the muscle markers MyoD and myogenin were up-regulated, confirming that the DPC had adopted a myogenic gene expression program. Nine clonal lines of DPC underwent both adipogenic and myogenic differentiation, demonstrating the multipotency of individual cells. Primary populations of both DPC and extra-follicular dermal fibroblasts were also capable of both adipogenic and myogenic differentiation. However, on myogenic differentiation, cells derived from dermal papillae expressed higher levels of myogenin than primary fibroblasts derived from extra-follicular dermis, suggesting that papilla cells undergo myogenesis more efficiently. This result shows that populations of fibroblastic cells derived from different anatomical sites within the skin are not equivalent with respect to their plasticity. Cultured DPC and dermal fibroblasts both expressed Pax3, a marker for the dermomyotome which represents a common embryological origin of muscle and dermis. Quantitative PCR showed that Pax3 expression levels before myogenic induction correlated with myogenin expression levels after myogenesis. These results suggest that a degree of dedifferentiation may underlie the plasticity of dermal cells in vitro, and that this plasticity may be predicted, at least in part, by levels of Pax3 expression.

Effects of UV Induced-Photoaging on the Hair Follicle Cycle of C57BL6/J Mice

“…The activation of stem cells in the bulge region is the basis of hair growth. Studies 16 , 17 have proved that HFSCs have the ability to differentiate into fat, bone, muscle, and cartilage tissues. Through in vitro and in vivo experiments, Lako et al 18 found that HFSCs have the ability to differentiate into hematopoietic cells, which can help improve the hematopoietic function of mice.…”

Gene Expression Analysis of Chondrogenic Markers in Hair Follicle Dermal Papillae Cells Under the Effect of Laser Photobiomodulation and the Synovial Fluid

“…3 Further investigations showed the differentiation potential of these cells toward adipogenic, osteogenic, myogenic, and neurogenic lineages. 5,7,33 Finally, using an inductive microenvironment, Gang et al demonstrated odontogenic potential of the cultured vibrissae follicle dermal papilla cells. 6 In fact, it seems that the hair follicle dermal papilla cells are an important repository of the stem cells with a high degree of plasticity and a striking regenerative capacity.…”

“…Given this point, it can be said that these cells are one kind of embryonic cells which have remained in the adult system. 3 Therefore, the dermal papilla cells have attracted many scientists because of their potential in the regulation of development and growth, although it is assumed that they are a source of multipotent mesenchymal cells which have a high differentiation potential 4 as they can differentiate into adipogenic, osteogenic, 5 odontogenic, 6 and myogenic lineages, 7 and also repopulate the hematopoietic system. 3 Besides, lineage analysis indicates that both hair and whisker follicle dermal papillae contain neural-crestderived cells.…”

BMP‐7 attenuates TGF‐β1–induced fibroblast‐like differentiation of rat dermal papilla cells

“…DSCs may contribute to the fibroblast population of interfollicular skin and to wound healing . DPCs are able to differentiate in adipogenic, osteogenic, neural, hematopoietic, and even myogenic lineages . DPCs also regulate the balance among epithelial matrix production, progenitor proliferation, and hair production during the hair growth phase .…”