N-desorption or NH3 generation of TiO2-loaded Al-based nitrogen carrier during chemical looping ammonia generation technology

Chemical looping beyond combustion – a perspective

“…98 In a similar manner, hydride based hydrogen carrier allows the storage and release of hydrogen to participate in in chemical reactions or shift the reaction equilibrium. 106 Although recent research on nitrogen, [98][99][100][101][102][103][104][105]107,108 and hydrogen 106 carriers offer significant new opportunities, the vast majority of the carriers investigated to date are oxygen carrying agents. In order to maintain coherency, we elected to focus exclusively on chemical looping approaches for chemical production using oxygen carriers, also known as redox catalysts.…”

Chemical Looping Conversion of Gaseous and Liquid Fuels for Chemical Production: A Review

“…4,301 The addition of Fe 2 O 3 or TiO 2 is reported to improve the kinetics of ammonia emission from AlN and H 2 O by reducing the N desorption activation energy. 65,300 Unlike the highly endothermic nature of ammonia synthesis from the N 2 and H 2 O reaction (reaction R15), NH 3 synthesize from N 2 and H 2 is an exergonic reaction and H 2 production can be achieved at renewable energy harvesting sites (e.g., electrolysis H 2 O). 66 Along this line are research efforts for a corresponding chemical looping process (denoted as H 2 −CL; see Figure 3b), which decomposes reaction R14 into N fixation and hydrogenation steps.…”

“…Accordingly, it is high desirable to develop a more sustainable and environmentally benign process for ammonia synthesis. Currently, in addition to the electron-, photon-, and plasma-driven routes being rapidly developed in recent years, chemical looping ammonia synthesis provides another effective alternative approach, which decouples a catalytic ammonia synthesis process into several separated reaction steps under ambient pressure. ,,, This chemical looping process easily circumvents the scaling relations and the competitive adsorption of N 2 and H 2 or H 2 O on metal catalysts …”

“…As seen, various fuels can be converted to different chemicals through a chemical looping approach, such as H 2 /CO, synthesis gas, ammonia, and alkene. On the basis of the irreplaceable roles of these chemicals in the chemical industry, chemical looping conversion for chemical production has become a hot spot of research. ,,,− …”

High-Throughput Equilibrium Analysis of Active Materials for Solar Thermochemical Ammonia Synthesis

“…In recent years, an alternative process termed solar thermochemical ammonia synthesis (STAS) was proposed that cyclically converts the active material between a MO and a metal nitride (MN), yielding NH 3 from H 2 O and N 2 (Figure ). − In this process, NH 3 is formed by the hydrolysis of the MN by steam (600–1200 K), which also converts the nitride into its conjugate oxide. The MO is then reduced at high temperature (1200–1800 K) to metal by a (preferably gaseous) reducing agent.…”